Background: The hypocaloric diets improve glycemic status in obese individuals, but the response to hypocaloric diets in fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO)-rs9939609 gene variant is unknown. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the gene-diet interaction of FTO-rs9939609 gene variant and hypocaloric diets on glycemic control in overweight and obese adults. Methods: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and Google scholar were searched up to December 2018, for relevant clinical trials. Mean changes in fasting blood sugar (FBS), serum insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were extracted. Results: The pooled analysis of nine studies showed that there was no significant difference between AA/AT and TT genotypes in FBS (weighted mean difference [WMD] = 0.01, 95% confidence interval [CI]: –1.08, 1.10, P = 0.984) and serum insulin (WMD = 0.20, 95% CI: –0.85, 1.26; P = 0.707) after intervention hypocaloric diets. The overweight/obese participants in AA/AT group showed the greatest reduction in HOMA-IR compared with TT genotype following intervention, and this difference was not statistically significant (WMD = –0.38, 95% CI: –0.94, 0.16, P = 0.167). Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggests that there was no significant difference between AA/AT and TT genotypes of FTO-rs9939609 on FBS, serum insulin level, and insulin resistance in response to hypocaloric diets.

Background:Military forces can be considered in the group of active people or athletes due to their high activity and exercises. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) with physical function and anthropometric indices in the marine.Methods:This cross-sectional study was performed on 200 male aged 18 to 45 years in the Navy. Individual data were collected using a general questionnaire, exercise tests and anthropometric assessments. Food intake over the past year was assessed using a 147-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and then the DII score was calculated for each subject. Aerobic performance was assessed using the 12 minutes cooper test. Also, the repetitions of sit up, pull up and push up in 1 minute were recorded to assess physical strength. Linear regression was used to investigate the relationship between DII with anthropometric indices and athletic performance.Results:The present study showed that the increase in DII is directly related to body mass index (P = 0.04) and body fat percentage (P = 0.03), and inversely related to VO2max (P = 0.001). However, after adjusting for the effect of energy intake in regression model, only the association between DII and VO2max was statistically significant (β= -1.69, SE=0.67, P=0.01). Conclusion:In general, with the increase of dietary potential in causing inflammation, it may lead to an increase in BMI and body fat percentage and a decrease in aerobic capacity in military personnel. However, the observed relationship between DII and anthropometric indices seems to be influenced by the energy intake. Further well-designed studies with a prospective method are warranted to find a definitive result.