Purpose:The aim of this study was to compare the microleakage of glass ionomers (conventional and resin modified) with that of recently introduced nanoionomers.Materials and Methods:Standardized class I and class V cavities were prepared on 120 young permanent teeth. Samples were equally divided into group I (class I restorations) and group II (class V restorations), and further divided into subgroups. The subgroups were restored with Fuji IX, Fuji II LC, and newly introduced Ketac™ N 100 (KN 100). Samples were thermocycled and submerged in Acridine dye for 24 h. Samples were sectioned to view under fluorescent microscope and marginal leakage was evaluated by Chi-square and Kruskal — Wallis test.Results:Fuji IX showed the maximum leakage, followed by LC II and the least was observed in KN 100. In class I restorations, there was significant difference while comparing Fuji IX with Fuji LC II and KN 100 and nonsignificant difference between LC II and KN100. In class V restorations, Fuji IX and KN100, KN 100 and LC II showed significant difference. Fuji IX and LC II showed nonsignificant difference.Conclusion:Within the limitations of this study, Fuji IX showed the maximum microleakage. KN 100 showed minimum leakage, better sealing ability, and was more consistent.

AimTo develop a simple method to assess the level of anxiety by using children’s drawings and correlating them with Frankl’s behavior rating scale.Materials and methodsA total of 178 patients aged of 3 to 14 years were handed out two-page forms which contained three sections on coloring and drawing, along with general information, and Frankl’s behavior rating scale for the visit. The three types of drawing exercises given to the patients were geometric copy drawings, coloring a nonthreatening figure, and an empty sheet for freehand drawing.ResultsOut of 178 patients, 60 showed definitely positive behavior, 73 exhibited positive behavior, 37 showed negative behavior, and 8 were definitely negative on Frankl’s behavior rating scale; 133 children had none or, 1 stress marker and 45 exhibited 2 or 3 stress markers in their drawings. Chi-square (χ2) analysis was done with a 2 × 2 contingency table. Observed χ2 value was 46.166, which at 1 degree of freedom was much greater than that at 0.995 percentile. Therefore, the result was highly significant.ConclusionChildren requiring specialized behavioral techniques can be identified by the presence of stress markers in their drawings. This nonverbal activity by itself can have an overall positive effect on the behavior displayed in the dental clinic.How to cite this articleMathur J, Diwanji A, Sarvaiya B, Sharma D. Identifying Dental Anxiety in Children’s Drawings and correlating It with Frankl’s Behavior Rating Scale. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(1):24-28.

Background:Determination of correct working length is one of the keys to success in endodontic therapy.Aim:The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of various methods to determine working length of root canal.Materials and Methods:Tactile method was assessed using digital radiography and compared with electronic method using apex locator. A total sample of 30 single rooted young permanent teeth the (mandibular first premolars) with matured apices were selected for the study. Access cavity preparation was carried out. Working length was measured by tactile method using digital radiography and electronic method using apex locator with no 15 K file. Actual working length was established by grinding of cementum and dentine from the root apex and was observed under stereomicroscope. Data was collected and statistical analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS-15.Results:The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference between tactile method assessed by digital radiography and electronic method using apex locator.Conclusion:Apex locator was found to be more reliable and accurate when compared with the actual length.

Oral habits in form of digit/thumb sucking are common phenomenon and part of childhood behavior. They are normally associated with oral pleasure, hunger, anxiety, and sometimes psychological disturbances. Chronic practice can cause major orthopedic alterations to the skeletal structures of the oral cavity and lower face. Aversive approaches in form of punitive therapy have been moderately effective. Modified bluegrass appliance is nonpunitive therapy to treat sucking habits. It acts as a habit reversal technique and installs positive reinforcement in children. Modified blue grass appliance proved to be very comfortable to patients and encourages neuromuscular stimulations.

A thorough background in craniofacial growth and development is necessary for every dentist. An important concept in the study of growth and development is variability. Cephalometrics is an important part of morphological diagnostic procedures to assess craniofacial growth and development. The aim of this study was to obtain cephalometric norms for Mewari children of Rajasthan by Steiner analysis and compare with Caucasian norms. The method involved clinical examination, collection and analysis of 100 lateral cephalometric radiographs of Mewari children (50 males and 50 females, between 11 and 13 years of age). All cephalometric landmarks were located and determined and subsequently tracing was done according to Steiner analysis. The mean value and standard deviation of each measurement were calculated. Statistical comparison was done using Student t-test. The result of this study showed that the Mewari children had retrusion of mandible relative to cranial base, proclined maxillary and mandibular teeth, with greater convexity of face. They also showed anteriorly placed occlusal plane to cranium and Less prominent chin. In conclusion, these ethnic differences should be considered during orthodontic treatment.How to cite this article: Rathore AS, Dhar V, Arora R, Diwanji A. Cephalometric Norms for Mewari Children using Steiner’s Analysis. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2012;5(3):173-177.