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Giant splenic artery aneurysms are extremely rare entities that have important clinical implications. The size and the natural history pose unique challenges in the management of these lesions. We present one such case that was associated with a primary arteriovenous malformation in the splenic hilum. This is the third largest aneurysm reported in literature so far and the characteristic feature is that this is the first case of a hilar arteriovenous fistula complicated by formation of a giant aneurysm and another smaller aneurysm. In our opinion the hilar malformation was congenital in origin and responsible for the formation of the two aneurysms. We also present an up to date review of literature on this subject.

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We report an unusual case of pituitary hyperplasia secondary to primary hypothyroidism clinically masquerading pituitary apoplexy. A 22-year-old female presented with intermittent headache, easy fatigability, facial puffiness, coarseness of facial features, and hoarseness of voice for six months duration. Diplopia and diminution of vision was also observed for the last 15 days. Brain imaging findings showed pituitary enlargement, the thyroid function test were suggestive of primary hypothyroidism. Patient did well with thyroid hormone replacement therapy.

Background. Laparoscopic right hepatectomy has become a standard procedure for laparoscopic resection in specialized centers;1-6 however, tumor involvement of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is still considered a contraindication. Here, we describe a safe technique of totally laparoscopic extended right hepatectomy to segment 1 combined with IVC resection using an anterior approach. Methods. We performed 61 totally laparoscopic right hepatectomies by an anterior approach between January 2009 and April 2014. The video illustrates this procedure in a 58-year-old female with bilateral colorectal liver metastases involving the right-anterior wall of the retrohepatic IVC. Right hepatectomy was performed by initial hilar dissection and ligation of vascular inflow followed by division of the hepatic parenchyma with en-bloc segmentectomy 1, to expose the left side of the retrohepatic IVC. The right hepatic vein was divided using an endoscopic vascular stapler. As the involved portion of IVC could be isolated with the application of a single vascular clamp, the right IVC wall was divided using an endoscopic stapler. Thereafter, posterior mobilization of the right liver was performed.Results. The surgical duration was 270 min and blood loss was 50 mL. The postoperative period was uneventful, and the patient was discharged 9 days after surgery.Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of a colorectal metastasis with tumor-free margin. Conclusion. We devised a secure procedure to perform totally laparoscopic right hepatectomy combined with IVC resection using an anterior approach; this may be a safe and useful technique to perform laparoscopic right hepatectomy.