Background: Abdominal stoma is an opening of the intestine whether temporary or permanent on anterior abdominal surgically. These are used to divert the faecal contents for safe distal anastomosis and to relieve obstruction in emergency surgeries or even in elective surgeries also. Though it is a lifesaving procedure and may be temporary or permanent. Sometimes it may result in number of significant complications which may be starting from early postoperative periods to late compilations.Methods: This is a prospective observational study, which was carried on 85 patients of abdominal stomas in the department of general surgery, Pt. B D Sharma PGIMS Rohtak.Results: In the present study there were (71) males and (14) females in the ratio of nearly 5:1. The males are 83.52% as compared females 16.47%.The commonest age group for stoma formation was in 21–30 years in either sex which is 23.52%. Numbers of males are higher in the age group of 51-60 years. The end ileostomy was made in 46 patients and loop ileostomy was in 27 patients. Oedema was seen maximally 19 patients of loop ileostomy. The other complications which are less common are retraction and ischemia of stomas. Four patients were died during treatment in this period in the present study.Conclusions: Intestinal stomas are commonly performed surgical procedure for intestinal diseases, to minimise or decrease the potential complications due to intestinal stoma meticulous attention and extreme care should be employed in preoperative and postoperative periods. Here we have provided an overview of the complications seen in formation of intestinal stomas, keeping these probable complications in mind, decision making and surgical technique continue to be remain the keys to successful stoma formation.

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Hollow visceral perforation is the commonest perforation among all the hollow viscera in the body. The perforation can be traumatic or non-traumatic and it constitute commonest surgical emergency worldwide. The diagnosis of perforation can be made clinically but for confirmation basic radiological investigations and sometimes special investigation are required.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a prospective observational study conducted in our institute in the Department of General Surgery. The patients who are included in this study were more than 15 years of age in both sexes having hollow visceral perforation presenting in accident and emergency department.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 624 patients, 530 (84.93%) were males while only 94 (15.06%) were females, with a male: female ratio of 5.63:1. The site of perforation are ileum 37.01% duodenum, 28.36% maximum sites of hollow viscous perforation. Acid peptic disease was the cause of perforation in 27.40% of 171 cases. Enteric fever accounted maximally for 29% of 181 cases and all in the ileum. Acute appendicitis resulted in perforation of the appendix in 64 cases (10.25%) while blunt trauma abdomen causes perforation in 12.66% of 79 cases. Perforation due to stab injury accounted for 5.12% and fire arm injury perforation seen in 19 patients (3.04%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Early diagnosis of perforation, resuscitation with crystalloids with broad spectrum antibiotic coverage and urgent surgical intervention whenever patient is fit for anaesthesia are the important factors which decides the ultimate fate of the patient in case of hollow visceral perforation peritonitis. </p>