Determination of aspect ratio distribution is important for elongated, needle-shaped particles whose utility and/or value may depend on this feature. In this work rice grain is taken as an example of such a particle and its aspect ratio distribution in various samples is found using image processing. The samples examined were from three different grades (commonly termed as full, half and broken) sold in local market and priced according to their size. From the analysis, reference aspect ratios were assigned to classify the grains and hence determine the extent of off-size in each market grade. Further, the effectiveness of the technique to quantify mixed or adulterated grades was studied. It was found that it is possible to know the undesired content within 10 percent accuracy.

Abstract-In an EOQ model all items are treated individually and their dependence on each other is not considered. But practically, the sale of one item could affect the sale of other items too. Thus, when the cross selling effects are considered, the frequent itemsets should be treated as an individual item and their economic order quantity (EOQ) should be estimated accordingly. Moreover, cross selling effects becomes more prominent when items are defective in nature. In this paper, we have estimated EOQ of imperfect quality items while considering cross selling effects. First, we have applied data mining techniques to find the relation between itemsets. Second, we applied the calculated cross selling effect to estimate the EOQ. Results have been validated with the help of numerical example.