The purpose of the study was to provide the pooled estimate of the prevalence of subclinical mastitis among dairy cows in India and to examine the consistency of those estimates between published studies. We have conducted a systematic review of prevalence of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows for the period 1995-2014 using electronic and non-electronic databases. Meta-analysis of 28 studies was done under random effects model using Metaprop package in R software. The pooled estimate of prevalence of subclinical mastitis on cow-basis was obtained using 6344 cows from 25 studies and was found to be 46.35 % (95 % CI 39.38; 53.46). Meta-analysis for quarter-wise prevalence of subclinical mastitis was carried out using 18,721 udder quarters of dairy cows from 23 studies, and the pooled estimate of prevalence of subclinical mastitis on quarter-basis was found to be 23.25 % (95 % CI 18.15; 29.27). Meta-analysis showed that there is statistically high heterogeneity for the prevalence estimates between published studies. The present study reported that there is high prevalence of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows in India, which might be responsible for low productivity in lactating cows in India over the years and needs to be controlled by adopting scientific, managemental, and therapeutic measures. Dairy farmers can reduce incidence and economic losses due to subclinical mastitis under the guidance of field veterinarians.

(2013) Analysis of morbidity and mortality rates in cattle in Pune division of Maharashtra state, Vet World 6(8): 512-515, doi:10.5455/vetworld.2013.512-515 Introduction cattle population (14.72% of total cattle population of Maharashtra). Total milk production from cattle for the Livestock sector plays an important role in the state, during the year 2009-2010, was estimated to be socio-economic development of the country and is 4.04 million tonnes (54.6% of bovine milk production important source of income for the farmers and poor of the state) [4]. rural people. The livestock industry success depends Since Pune division contributes a significant on the good health of the livestock that helps to increase amount of milk production, this study has been the productivity. Whereas any compromise on health undertaken to study the morbidity and mortality in cattle ground will shatter the hope of livestock sector. In spite in this division. of advancement made in the animal husbandry practices, clinical medicine and diagnostic techniques, Materials and Methods the morbidity and mortality due to various causesThe sampling scheme adopted for this study is continues to be higher in village areas. Shaikh [1] Stratified two stages random sampling design was conducted study on morbidity and mortality in cattle adopted. The Pune division of Maharashtra was covering four region of Maharashtra and reported that divided into five strata taking each district (Pune, the overall morbidity and mortality rate in cattle was Satara, Kolhapur, Sangli and Solapur) as stratum from 19.22% & 12.48%, respectively. Higher morbidity the division. From each stratum, four villages were among adults might be associated with stress during selected randomly at first stage, and from each selected peak production period [2]. Maharashtra state had total village, livestock owners were selected randomly at 37.22 million livestock (7.02% of the country's total second stage. A total of 421 cattle owners were livestock population), out of which 16.3 million interviewed and information regarding demography, comprises of cattle (8.18% of country's total cattle morbidity and mortality was recorded on a questionnpopulation of India) [3]. Pune division had 2.4 million aire for a period of 1st of January 2010 to 31st December 2010 on the basis of farmer's interview. AbstractAim: The present study was carried out to analyse morbidity and mortality rate in cattle in village areas of Pune division in the Maharashtra state. Materials and Methods:The data of total 1538 cattle were collected from 421 cattle owners by stratified two-stage random sampling design and analysed statistically by SAS 9.3 software for evaluation of Chi-square analysis. Result:Overall morbidity and mortality rates in cattle were 22.24% & 4.42%, respectively. Reproductive (7.09%) and digestive (5.14%) diseases were major causes of morbidity in the study area. Adult cattle showed high (28.97%) morbidity due to reproductive problems which are major challenges under village conditions in s...

Aim: To study factors affecting morbidity and mortality pattern in goats in Chambal division of Madhya Pradesh under village conditions. Materials and Methods: The sampling scheme adopted during study was stratified three stage random sampling and data on 549 goats were recorded. Results: The overall morbidity and mortality rate was 20.58% and 10.20% respectively. Proportional mortality due to diarrhoea was highest (35.71%) followed by pneumonia (28.57%) and miscellaneous causes (12.5%). Pattern of morbidity in male and female was almost similar. Age of goats was the most important factor and accounted for 39.29%, 28.57% and 32.14% mortality in 0-3 month, 6-9 month and above 9 months, respectively. The effect of season on goat mortality was significant (p<0.05).The incidence of mortality were 41.07%, 37.5% and 21.43% in winter, rainy and summer season respectively. Conclusion: In goats mortality was significantly influenced by age groups and suggesting that more care and attention need to be paid in kids 0-3 months age irrespective of season. Mortality due to various diseases in kids and adults could be minimized by identifying the cause and giving proper treatment. [Vet World 2013; 6(6.000): 329-331

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The aim was to compare standard lactation curve models using fortnightly milk records in Frieswal cattle. Materials and Methods:A total of 2904 fortnightly milk yield (FMY) records from 132 Frieswal cattle maintained at Military Farm, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh were taken for study. The Wood (WD), Morant and Gnanasakthy (MG), Mitscherlich x Exponential (ME), and Wilmink (WK) models were fitted on average FMY (AFMY) by nonlinear regression using statistical package SAS 9.3 version. The goodness of fit of models was judged by the adjusted coefficient of determination (Adj. R 2 ) and root mean square error. Results:The AFMY ranges from 127.09 kg (first fortnight) to 110.04 kg (last fortnight) with peak fortnight yield of 189.51 kg and peak period at fourth fortnight. Predicted peak yield by different models ranges from 182.7 to 190.2 kg. The herd average milk yield was predicted with a high degree of accuracy (Adj. R 2 >92%) by all models with the maximum accuracy (Adj. R 2 =99.20%) obtained by ME model followed by MG (Adj. R 2 =98.8%) and WK model (Adj. R 2 =96.0%). Conclusion:The ME model provided best fit for FMY data in Frieswal cattle followed by WK and MG model, whereas WD model fitted least.