Zinc deficiency is linked to poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients while clinical trials with Zinc demonstrate better clinical outcome. The molecular target and mechanistic details of anti-coronaviral activity of Zinc...

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can take the advantages by utilizing the security schemes based on the concepts of quantum computation and cryptography. However, quantum wireless sensor networks (QWSNs) are shown to have many practical constraints. One of the constraints is the number of entangled qubits which is very high in the quantum security scheme proposed by [Nagy et al., Nat. Comput. 9 (2010) 819]. In this work, we propose a modification of the security scheme introduced by Nagy et al. and hence the reduction in the number of entangled qubits is shown. Further, the modified scheme can overcome some of the constraints in the QWSNs.

Recently, C. H. Chang et. al. (Quan. Info. Proc. 14:3515-3522, 2015) proposed a controlled bidirectional quantum direct communication protocol using four Bell state. In this work, the significance of Bell states, which are being as initial states in C. H. Chang et. al.protocol, is elucidated. The possibility for preparing initial state based on the secret message of the communicants is explored. In doing so, the controller independent bidirectional quantum direct communication protocol has evolved naturally. It is shown that any communicant cannot read the secret message without knowing the initial states generated by the other communicant.Further, intercept-and-resend attack and information leakage can be avoided. The proposed protocol is like a conversion between two persons with high level secrecy without the help of any third person.

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