Background: Cyperus rotundus and Trigonella foenum graecum (fenugreek) have been utilized for many years as medical applications, mostly as traditional natural medications.‎ The present research was designed to assess the hypoglycemic activity of the ethanol extract of Iraqi fenugreek seeds and tuberous roots of C. rotundus in alloxan-stimulated ‎diabetic rats and to evaluate the diverse phytochemicals found in ethanol extracts that may have therapeutic activity. Methods: Qualitative assessment of diverse secondary metabolites by ‎corresponding chemical tests was been used to specify each group of compounds in the crude extracts of both plants. Male Wistar rats (n=40) were subdivided randomly into four main groups: ‎group A, alloxan-stimulated diabetic rats with administered with distilled water (10mL/kg; control); group B-D, alloxan-stimulated ‎diabetic rats administered with ‎ethanol extract of C. rotundus (10 mg/kg; group B), glibenclamide (10 mg/kg; group C), and ethanol extract of fenugreek seeds (15mg/kg; group D). These medications were given orally for 6 weeks. Blood glucose of the rats was measured at baseline and after 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks after administration of medication. Results: Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of many secondary metabolites including alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, tannins, and steroids, in the crude extracts of C. rotundus and fenugreek seeds. After 6 weeks all groups of rats showed a significant decline in blood sugar level compared to ‎the control group. Group C (glibenclamide) showed the lowest value, followed by group D (fenugreek seeds) and group B (C. rotundus). Conclusions: Ethanol extract of both plants possess considerable ‎hypoglycemic activity in alloxan-stimulated diabetic rats, with superior efficacy shown by fenugreek seed extract, after 6 weeks of study‎.

Vitex agnus castus showed antiproliferative activity in several previous studies. Angiogenesis is one of the targets in the remediation of cancer. This study aimed to demonstrate the effect of methanol fruits extract of vitex agnus castus on mouse mammary gland adenocarcinoma cell line and rat embryonic ibroblast cell line. The cell lines used in this study were obtained from tissue culture unit/ Iraqi Center for Cancer and Medical Genetic Researches, Al-Mustansiriyah University was maintained in RPMI-1640 tissue media after preparing from 10% fetal calf serum, antibiotics solution and other materials to make complete growth medium. Serial solutions of vitex agnus castus, methanol crude extract have been tested on 10*4 of AMN3 and REF in each well of 96 well plates. The results of the current study showed that the concentration that inhibits ifty percent of cell line after 72 hours of the experiment (IC50) was 129 ug/ml for AMN3 and 1324ug/ml for REF cell line. The antioxidant activity of Vitex agnus castus may indicate the proliferation inhibition activity of Vitex agnus castus methanol extract.

Chenopodium murale L. it is an essential annual herbaceous weed belongs to the genus Chenopodium and family Chenopodiaceae. Chenopodium murale L. commonly called as nettle leaf goosefoot. Aim of this study is the gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis of chemical constituents of Chenopodium murale leaves in two different extracts; n-hexane and chloroform. These extracts contain 37 chemical components which are Monoterpenes, steroids precursor and fatty acids. Furthermore the n- hexane extract revealed about 35.22% of cyclic and acyclic monoterpenoids, fatty acid about 2.07%, also 2.31% of nitrogenous compounds and sterol precursor about 0.41%. However the chloroform extract revealed the presence of linolenic acid representing 13.54% and neo menthol representing 18.87%, also the other minor components are carvone oxide (0.27%), alpha- pinene epoxide (1.71%), Trans- Squalene (0.77%) and other minor bioactive components.

Aims: To correlate the antiangiogenic effect of medicinal plants available in Iraq. Study Design: Study design by correlate different study and article about the antiangiogenic activity of different plant available in Iraq and make collection of different information of medicinal plant grow in Iraq. Methodology: We included the irregular growth of blood vessels contributes to the pathogenesis of many diseases, which has a major impact on human health. Indeed, a long list of disorders is characterized and caused by excessive angiogenesis. Historically, the best known disorders stemming from angiogenesis are cancer, psoriasis, arthritis and blindness, but many additional common disorders such as obesity, asthma, atherosclerosis and infectious disease and correlate different plant by activity with antiangiogenic properties. Results: The plant sources of Iraq are likely to provide effective antiangiogenic substances. All examples that are provided in this review of promising bioactive materials obtained from different plants with other therapeutic uses. Conclusion: Aerial part of different plant in Iraq possess antiangiogenic activity has crucial activity to treat disease relate angiogensis.

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