Here we report a large, extensively characterized set of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covering the human genome. We determined the allele frequencies of 55,018 SNPs in African Americans, Asians (Japanese-Chinese), and European Americans as part of The SNP Consortium's Allele Frequency Project. A subset of 8333 SNPs was also characterized in Koreans. Because these SNPs were ascertained in the same way, the data set is particularly useful for modeling. Our results document that much genetic variation is shared among populations. For autosomes, some 44% of these SNPs have a minor allele frequency ≥10% in each population, and the average allele frequency differences between populations with different continental origins are less than 19%. However, the *Corresponding authors. Jong-Eun Lee is to be contacted at fax: +82 2 364 4778. Michael T. Boyce-Jacino, fax: +1 609 818 0054. PuiYan Kwok,

In domain-specific search systems, knowledge of a domain of interest is embedded as a backbone that guides the search process. But the knowledge used in most such systems 1. exists only for few well known broad domains; 2. is of a basic nature: either purely hierarchical or involves only few relationship types; and 3. is not always kept up-to-date missing insights from recently published results. In this paper we present a framework and implementation of a focused and up-to-date knowledge-based search system, called Scooner, that utilizes domain-specific knowledge extracted from recent bioscience abstracts. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt in the field to address all three shortcomings mentioned above. Since recent introduction for operational use at Applied Biotechnology Branch of AFRL, some biologists are using Scooner on a regular basis, while it is being made available for use by many more. Initial evaluations point to the promise of the approach in addressing the challenge we set out to address.

Causes of social isolation and loneliness in older adults are multifactorial and can have significant effects on their health and quality of life. Older adults who have good social support exhibit lower levels of depression, higher levels of life satisfaction, lower stress levels, and lower health care costs. By assessing and addressing social isolation and loneliness in community-dwelling older adults, rehabilitation therapists can have a positive impact on their physical and mental health.

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The incidence and prevalence of heart failure continue to increase, as many patients survive previously fatal cardiac conditions. While many new medications have come on the market, there has not been a significant reduction in mortality in this population. Many heart failure medications have significant side effects that may interfere with a patient's quality of life. Physical therapists need to be aware of these side effects and understand the importance of patient education regarding self-care and medication adherence. This article educates physical therapists about current medical and pharmacological treatment in the management of heart failure.