-(Floristic composition of palm swamp communities near Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil). Over a two-year period, four palm swamp communities near Uberlândia, MG, Brazil, were studied for their floristic composition. Transects were randomly established to cross the following zones: palm swamp border (dryish soils), middle area (intermediate soil moisture), and lower zone (with permanently satured soils). The transects were censused each month and voucher herbarium specimens were collected and identified by means of keys, comparisons with identified material at HUFU, IBGE and UB, and with the help of specialists for some families. Voucher specimens were deposited at HUFU. A total of 526 species, 250 genera and 89 families were collected. The five families with highest number of species were: Poaceae (64), Asteraceae (63), Cyperaceae (54), Melastomataceae (27) e Fabaceae (23). In the palm swamp border, 361 species were collected, 168 of which were exclusive to this zone. A total of 300 species were collected in the middle zone, of which 75 were exclusive to this area. The lower zone had the lowest species diversity, with 52 exclusive species from a total of 136 taxa. The great richness found in the palm swamp possibly is due to soil differences, especially those related to humidity. RESUMO-(Composição florística de veredas no Município de Uberlândia, MG). Foram estudadas quatro comunidades vegetais de veredas no Municipio de Uberlândia, MG, durante dois anos com o objetivo de conhecer sua composição florística. As veredas foram percorridas por meio de trilhas estabelecidas, ao acaso, passando pela borda (local de solo mais seco), meio (solo medianamente úmido) e fundo (solo saturado com água). A freqüência de visitas à cada vereda foi mensal e o material botânico coletado foi incluído no Herbarium Uberlandense (HUFU). A identificação das espécies foi feita utilizando-se chaves analíticas, consultas a especialistas de várias famílias e/ou comparação com exsicatas devidamente identificadas e depositadas nos herbários HUFU, IBGE e UB. No levantamento florístico foram registradas 526 espécies, 250 gêneros e 89 famílias. As cinco famílias com maior número de espécies foram Poaceae (64), Asteraceae (63), Cyperaceae (54), Melastomataceae (27) e Fabaceae (23). Na zona de borda da vereda foram amostradas 361 espécies sendo 168 exclusivas deste ambiente. Um total de 300 espécies ocorreu na zona de meio, sendo 75 exclusivas. Na zona de fundo ocorreu a menor riqueza específica, compreendendo um total de 136 espécies com 52 exclusivas desta área. A grande riqueza florística encontrada nas veredas amostradas deve-se, possivelmente, às diferenças edáficas, especialmente aquelas relacionadas com a umidade.
. The species bloomed from December to June, and fruits were produced in March. It presented inflorescences with ca. 60 hermaphrodite, pentamerous, isostemous and homostylous flowers. Flowers opened between 5:00 and 7:00 h and last 14 hours. Nectar production was small (6.86 µL) with a mean concentration of sugars of 18%. The floral visitors were ants, small bees, butterflies and hummingbirds, which were active mainly in the morning, between 7:00 and 12:00 h. The hummingbird Thalurania furcata was considered the main pollinator due to its visiting behavior and frequency of visits. The species is self-compatible, and the pollen tubes reached the ovary four hours after self and cross pollinations.
RESUMO -(Biologia reprodutiva de Psychotria poeppigiana Mull. Arg. (Rubiaceae) em mata de galeria). Psychotria L. (Rubiaceae) é o gênero com mais espécies heterostílicas dentre as Angiospermas. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever a biologia floral, fenologia, o sistema reprodutivo e os polinizadores de Psychotria poeppigiana Müll. Arg. As inflorescências são capitadas terminais, com brácteas vermelhas e flores amarelas apresentando dois morfos distintos: brevistiladas e longistiladas, caracterizadas por flores hermafroditas com diferentes comprimentos de estiletes e posicionamento oposto das anteras (hercogamia recíproca). Encontrou-se diferenças no tamanho das anteras, dos grãos de pólen e da superfície estigmática entre os morfotipos. Polinizações controladas mostraram que os morfotipos apresentam auto-incompatibilidade e intramorfo-incompatibilidade ao nível do estigma e do estilete. Os visitantes são pequenas vespas, abelhas, borboletas e beija-flores, que visitam as flores com maior freqüência no início da manhã. De acordo com a freqüência e eficiência no comportamento de transportar os grãos de pólen entre os morfos florais, o principal polinizador foi o beija-flor Thalurania furcata. O néctar é produzido em pequena quantidade (máximo de 8µl) e durante a abertura das flores, que ocorre entre 5 e 7h. A espécie forma agrupamentos devido à existência de reprodução vegetativa. Palavras-chave:Psychotria, distilia, auto-incompatibilidade, polinização, mata de galeria ABSTRACT -(Reproductive biology of Psychotria poeppigiana Mull. Arg. (Rubiaceae) in gallery forest). Psychotria L. (Rubiaceae) is the genus with the most heterostylous species in the angiosperms. The objective of this study is to describe floral biology, phenology, reproductive system, and pollinators of Psychotria poeppigiana Müll. Arg. The terminal inflorescences are capitate with red bracts and yellow flowers, and presented two different morphs: pin and thrum, characterized by hermaphroditic flowers with different lengths of styles and opposed position of the anthers (reciprocal herkogamy). Dimorphism was also observed in the size of anthers, pollen grains and stigmatic surfaces. Controlled pollination revealed self-incompatibility and intramorph-incompatibility at the level of stigma and style. Wasps, butterflies and hummingbirds visited the flowers, especially in early morning. According to the frequency of visits and an efficient transport of pollen between floral morphs, the hummingbird Thalurania furcata was the main pollinator. Little nectar (max. 8µl) was produced during the opening of the flowers (5:00-7:00h). Because of vegetative reproduction the species forms clumps.
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