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Background The Parkinson's Disease‐Cognitive Rating Scale (PD‐CRS) assesses posterior‐cortical and frontal‐subcortical cognitive functioning and distinguishes mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD‐MCI); however, it was not evaluated in Brazil. Objectives To investigate PD‐CRS's reliability, validity, normative data, and accuracy for PD‐MCI screening in Brazil. Methods The effects of age, education, and sex on PD‐CRS scores were explored. The instrument was tested in 714 individuals (53% female, 21–94 years), with a broad range of education and no neurodegenerative disorder. Trail Making, Consonant Trigrams, Five‐Point, and semantic fluency tests were administered for comparison. A second study enrolled patients with PD and intact cognition (n = 44, 59.75 ± 10.79 years) and with PD‐MCI (n = 25, 65.76 ± 10.33 years) to investigate criterion validity. PD‐CRS subtests were compared with the Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Battery memory and executive tasks. Results PD‐CRS was unidimensional and reliable (McDonald's ω = 0.83). Using robust multiple regressions, age, and education predicted the total and derived scores in the normative sample. At the 85‐point cutoff, PD‐MCI was detected with 68% sensitivity and 86% specificity (area under the curve = 0.870). PD‐CRS scores strongly correlated with executive and verbal/visual memory tests in both normative and clinical samples. Conclusions This study investigated the applicability of PD‐CRS in the Brazilian context. The scale seems helpful in screening for PD‐MCI, with adequate internal consistency and construct validity. The PD‐CRS variance is influenced by age and educational level, a critical issue for cognitive testing in countries with educational and cultural heterogeneity.

INTRODUÇÃO: A Doença de Parkinson (DP) é uma doença degenerativa neurológica, temdistribuição universal e atinge todos os grupos étnicos e classes socioeconômicas. Embora aDP leve principalmente a distúrbios motores, os quais podem envolver tremores, rigidez ebradicinesia, ela também pode ser acompanhada por várias alterações não motoras incluindodepressão e ansiedade, sendo cerca de 17% dos indivíduos com DP diagnosticados comtranstorno depressivo maior e 31% com ansiedade. OBJETIVO: Este trabalho teve comoobjetivo conhecer a prevalência e o perfil dos pacientes com ansiedade e depressãodiagnosticados com DP. MÉTODOS: Pesquisa transversal de caráter descritivo e exploratório,sendo um levantamento com análise de questionários estruturados sobre gravidade da DP,depressão, ansiedade, qualidade de vida e ideação suicida. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 48pacientes no total, 35 com DP sendo 56.7% do sexo masculino e 43.4% do sexo feminino e 13controles sendo 40% do sexo masculino e 60% do sexo feminino, conseguimos identificar51.5% dos pacientes com DP sem depressão, 39.4% com depressão leve e 9.1% com depressãomoderada e dentre os controles 84.6% sem depressão, 15.4% com depressão leve e 0% comdepressão moderada, o que mostra grande significância da depressão nos pacientes com DP.Além disso, também demonstramos grande diferença da porcentagem de ansiedade entrepacientes com DP e controles, em que 48.6% dos pacientes com DP eram ansiosos e 51.4%não eram ansiosos, e apenas 16.7% dos controles eram ansiosos contra 83.3% não ansiosos.CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados obtidos demonstraram a importante prevalência de depressão eansiedade nos pacientes com DP. Ademais, uma pior qualidade de vida é esperada naquelescom depressão moderada do que em pacientes com depressão leve. Portanto, reitera-se queesses sintomas devem ser ativamente pesquisados e adequadamente tratados nessespacientes

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease in which antibodies bind to acetylcholine receptors in the postsynaptic membrane at the neuromuscular junction. Muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) antibody-associated MG patients often have severe symptoms, including bulbar dysfunction, respiratory insufficiency, and atrophy of the facial and tongue muscles. Due to its fluctuating nature and the similarity to the symptoms other disorders MG is one of the most challenging medical diagnoses.Fluctuating character and the similarity of symptoms to those of other disorders make MG one of the most challenging medical diagnoses. Initial misdiagnosis of MuSK-MG can lead to worsening of symptoms. The diagnosis is confirmed by positive results on pharmacological testing, electrodiagnostictesting and serum antibodyassay. Symptomatic, immunoactive, and supportive approaches to therapy have very good effect and the prognosis is improved with precocious interventions.