INVASIVE Streptococcus pneumoniae INFECTIONS: IMPACT OF RESISTANCE S. pneumoniae is an epidemiological problem worldwide because of its rise in incidence and the emergence of resistant strains to antibiotics like penicillins and cephalosporins considered useful in the treatment of these infections. The histories of 141 cases of invasive Streptoccocus pneumoniae infections during 7 years in a pediatric hospital in Santiago, were reviewed. The most frequent form of presentation was meningitis (39%) and lung infection (36.9%), with a 6.4% of lethality. Resistance to penicillin was found in 23.4% and to cefotaxime in 6.7% of strains isolated in all sites The choice of antibiotic treatment for resistant strains is discussed, separating meningitis from other systemic infections. This study emphasizes the need for a continuous surveillance of the susceptibility of S. pneumoniae so as to decide which is the most adequate treatment in each case.

Campylobacter fetus is an opportunistic pathogen which causes bacteremia and other invasive infections in immunocompromised patients who have been exposed to livestock or ingested animal products (uncooked meat or unpasteurized milk). The present report describes a C. fetus infection in a healthy adult (immunocompetent) who returned from a visit to the Ecuadorian Amazonia and who did not report exposure to the typical sources of infection.

Este es un estudio experimental in vitro que comparó la microfiltración corono apical entre dos tipos de vástagos. Se ejecutó en 26 raíces dentarias humanas unirradiculares extraídas y divididas en 4 grupos: Guttacore: con vástago de gutapercha, Guttamaster: con vástago plástico, Control positivo: Sin ningún tipo de obturación y Control negativo: con vástago de gutapercha, cemento sellador y la superficie cervical sellada con ionómero de vidrio. Las raíces fueron ensambladas en tubos Falcón y selladas con masilla epóxica. En el tubo Falcón se colocó infusión cerebro-corazón donde se inoculó E. faecalis y luego fue introducido en tubos de ensayo de vidrio con reactivo de identificación de E. faecalis en contacto con el ápice de la raíz. Se mantuvo en observación durante 3 semanas hasta detectar un cambio en la coloración del reactivo. El análisis estadístico de Mann Whitney determinó que no existe diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre ninguno de los vástagos.