Aim: Describe and compare training load dynamics of two Olympic beach volleyball players. Methods: Two Olympic beach volleyball players participated in this study (specialist defender and blocker: both aged 34 years, holding 14 years of competitive experience, height: 1.74 m and 1.81 m, weight: 69 kg and 65 kg, respectively). Internal training load (ITL), total weekly training load (TWTL), monotony and strain were obtained through the session rating of perceived exertion (session-RPE) for three training mesocycles (10 weeks). Lower limb explosive power was assessed through the counter movement jump (CMJ). Results: Mean ITL, TWTL, monotony and strain during the 10week period were: 370 ± 156; 1997 ± 838; 2.7 ± 1.3; 5621 ± 1802 arbitrary units (AU) (Defender) and 414 ± 153; 2392 ± 892; 2.7 ± 1.1; 6894 ± 3747 (AU) (Blocker). Mean of CMJ height was 47.0 ± 1.3 and 40.3 ± 1.6 cm, for the defender and blocker, respectively. The defender player presented higher ITL in the second (effect size (ES) = 0.90; 92/5/3, likely) and in the third (ES = 0.91; 94/4/2, likely) mesocycles when compared to the first. Monotony raised from the first to the third mesocycle (ES = 2.91; 98/1/1, very likely). Blocker's ITL was higher in the third mesocycle than the first (ES = 1.42. 98/1/1, very likely) and the second (ES = 1.49; 98/1/1, likely) ones. Conclusion: ITL magnitude increased from the first to the third mesocycle, in both players.

The current investigation aimed to find the difference between right and left lower limb strength of quadriceps and hamstring muscles and describe young futsal players' explosive strength and anaerobic power. The study comprised 12 university male U-20 futsal players (74.5 ± 9.7 kg;173.2 ± 7.2 cm; 18.7 ± 1.2 yrs.). Isometric strength was measured using an isometric dynamometer, lower limb explosive strength was assessed through the Countermovement Jump and anaerobic power was estimated with the Wingate test. Initially, results were displayed through descriptive statistics. Magnitude-based inference with respective Confidence Intervals (CI=90%) and effect size were used to compare inter-lower limb strength. No substantial differences were found between right and left lower limb, to knee extension and flexion. Team's explosive strength and anaerobic power were 36.7 ± 7 cm and 998.3 ± 125.9 W, respectively. These findings suggest that young futsal players' performance may be less affected due to inter-lower limb asymmetries.

Nakamura, FY, Torres, VBC, da Silva, LS, Gantois, P, Andrade, AD, Ribeiro, ALB, Brasileiro-Santos, MdS, and Batista, GR. Monitoring heart rate variability and perceived well-being in Brazilian elite beach volleyball players: A single-tournament pilot study. J Strength Cond Res 36(6): 1708–1714, 2022—The aim of this study was to monitor the changes in heart rate variability (HRV) and perceptual well-being status after a beach volleyball (BV) tournament day in high-level U17 and senior players. Seventeen BV players (U17 [15–16 years]: n = 08; and senior [19–41 years]: n = 09) competing at national and/or international BV level participated in this study. Resting HRV and perceptual well-being measures were recorded across 4 moments: night 1 (prematches night), morning 1 (prematches morning), night 2 (postmatches night), and morning 2 (postmatches morning). Session rating of perceived exertion was assessed 10 minutes after each match, and accumulated match loads were used for analysis. Senior players presented higher values of natural logarithm of square root of the mean squared differences of successive RR intervals (lnRMSSD) at the 4 observation moments than U17 players (p = 0.006). Within-subjects analysis showed a larger mean difference regarding both lnRMSSD and natural logarithm SD of normal R-R intervals (lnSDNN) between night 1 vs. night 2 in U17 players (effect size = 1.11 and, 0.96, respectively) compared with senior (effect size = 0.40 and 0.32, respectively). Accumulated match loads were negatively correlated with percentage change in lnRMSSD (r = −0.54; p = 0.037). U17 players showed higher well-being variation than senior (group × time; p = 0.02). In conclusion, the lnRMSSD index was able to discriminate the U17 and senior BV players, and maintaining high vagally related HRV indices is an important response to BV training and competition.

Summary. This study aimed to verify the differences between the training load planned by coaches and that perceived by Beach Volleyball (BV) players and observe the effects on athletes’ neuromuscular function. Three female BV players and well-known coaches participated in the research and were accompanied for three training weeks in the preseason phase. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was collected through the 0-10 scale during a previous training session. Strength, physical fitness and tactical-technical training have been assessed with coaches and athletes’ responses 30 minutes after the end of the session. RPE Session was calculated by the product between the training duration in minutes and RPE, to estimate Internal Training Load (ITL). Neuromuscular function was assessed through Countermovement Jump (CMJ). To verify differences between coaches and athletes’ responses and vertical jump performance were used either the magnitude of differences and clinical inference. Athletes experienced lower RPE and ITL as planned by coaches in the first week of training. CMJ increased substantially from the first to the third week (with likely differences (93/03/04), standardized difference = 1.60 and 90% confidence intervals = 0.00; 3.21). We suggest that training load planned by coaches similar to that perceived by athletes have a concomitant improvement with neuromuscular performance.Resumen. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar las diferencias entre la carga de entrenamiento planificada por los entrenadores y la percibida por los jugadores de voleibol de playa (VP) y observar los efectos sobre la función neuromuscular de los atletas. Tres jugadoras de VP y entrenadores conocidos participaron en la investigación y fueron acompañadas durante tres semanas de entrenamiento en la fase de pretemporada. El valor nominal del esfuerzo percibido (NEP) se recolectó a través de la escala 0-10 durante una sesión de entrenamiento anterior. La fuerza, la forma física y el entrenamiento táctico-técnico se evaluaron con las respuestas de los entrenadores y atletas 30 minutos después del final de la sesión. El producto calculó la sesión de NEP entre la duración del entrenamiento en minutos y el NEP, para estimar la carga interna de entrenamiento (CIE). La función neuromuscular se evaluó mediante salto contramovimiento (SCM). Para verificar las diferencias entre los entrenadores y las respuestas de los atletas y el rendimiento del salto vertical, se utilizó la magnitud de las diferencias y la inferencia clínica. Los atletas experimentaron menos NEP e CIE que fueron planificados por los entrenadores en la primera semana de entrenamiento. SCM aumentó sustancialmente de la primera a la tercera semana (con diferencias probables (93/03/04), diferencia estandarizada = 1.60 e intervalos de confianza del 90% = 0.00; 3.21). Sugerimos que la carga de entrenamiento planificada por entrenadores similar a la percibida por los atletas tenga una mejora concomitante con el rendimiento neuromuscular.

RESUMOO presente artigo traz uma reflexão a respeito da construção da memória de uma personagem infantil, em uma narrativa de ficção, influenciada pelas memórias coletivas de seus familiares e agregados. A leitura do conto Campo Geral (2001), de João Guimarães Rosa, motiva tal discussão, tendo em vista que o protagonista, com o nome de Miguilim, é um menino sensível que se apoia em suas percepções sensoriais e nos relatos dos que com ele convivem para edificar a sua própria memória e para se iniciar na compreensão do meio em que vive. É através dos sinais externos, do espaço e da memória coletiva que a personagem constrói e desconstrói a sua estória e a de sua família. O protagonista convoca as lembranças para criar um elo entre as suas sensações e a realidade que o cerca, ainda que sejam recordações oriundas de uma mente demasiadamente jovem e, por isso mesmo, pouco experiente. A fim de compreender a formação da memória, nessa fase da vida, faz-se necessário o suporte teórico dos autores Iván Izquierdo (2011), que trata da memória sob a perspectiva da neurociência, Alan Baddeley (2011) e seus colaboradores, que pesquisam sobre a formação da memória e Maurice Halbwachs (2015), que relaciona a aquisição da memória ao contexto social. Além desses estudiosos, pesquisadores como Doreen Massey (2008) e Gaston Bachelard (s/d) também contribuem com seus estudos, ao refletir sobre a importância do lugar e do espaço. Através desse entrelaçamento de teorias, pode-se vislumbrar algumas formas de aquisição e conservação da lembrança infantil.