This study evaluated the neonatal responsiveness to the odor of amniotic fluid during the first hours of life. Twenty five newborn infants born by C-section at 36-40 weeks of gestation were evaluated with 1; 5 or 25 drops of amniotic fluid at 1 hour, 3.5 hours and 6 hours of life. A five stimuli habituation plan was used and global motor activity was recorded. Mixed-design ANOVAs for repeated measures demonstrated time differences and showed the highest reactivity at 1 hour, a reduction at 3.5 hours and a recovery at 6 hours (p < 0.0000). Maximum response was observed at the beginning, with a subsequent reduction (p < 0.0088). T tests were used to compare mean differences from baseline to the stimulation period. It was observed that one drop was enough to trigger a response, even at 6 hours of life (p ≤ 0.045). Apparently, babies are able to detect minimum amounts of amniotic fluid and habituate the response with repeated exposure during their first hours of life.
Respuesta neonatal frente al olor del líquido amnióticoNeonatal response towards amniotic fluid odor RESUMEN En este trabajo se evaluó la respuesta neonatal al olor del líquido amniótico durante las primeras horas de vida. Veinticinco recién nacidos por cesárea entre las 36 y 40 semanas gestacionales fueron evaluados con 1; 5 o 25 gotas a la hora, a las tres horas y media, y a las seis horas de vida. Se utilizó un esquema habituacional de cinco estímulos y se registró la actividad motora global. Los ANOVA mixtos para medidas repetidas reflejaron las diferencias en los tiempos y mostraron la mayor reactividad en la primera hora, la disminución de ésta a las tres horas y media, y la recuperación a la sexta hora (p <0,0000). La máxima respuesta se observaba al comienzo y luego disminuía (p <0,0088). Con las pruebas T se compararon las medias entre el basal previo y el período de estimulación. Pudo observarse que una gota era suficiente para generar una respuesta, aun a la sexta hora de vida (p ≤ 0,045). Aparentemente, durante las primeras horas los bebés pueden detectar mínimas cantidades de líquido amniótico y habitúan su respuesta con la exposición repetida. Palabras clave: líquido amniótico, memoria fetal, neonato humano, olfacción.http://dx
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