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to encourage the use of methoxychlor, a less persistent pesticide.The fact remains, however, that the refusal of the Michigan state courts to grant an injunction against the use of dieldrin was a defeat for EDF. To this setback was added another when Judge Stanislaw finally ruled in the Long Island case on 30 November. He held that, while DDT was admittedly harmful to wildlife, use of this pesticide did not appear "wholly unjustifiable or so manifestly and broadly injurious as to compel [its] cessation." Essentially, his position was that banning DDT is a matter for the legislature to consider, though Yannacone contends that legislative and administrative bodies have largely ignored warnings about the effects of such "hard" pesticides. Stanislaw still has under consideration the request for a reopening of the trial.It is in the federal courts that Yannacone hopes to strike a decisive blow against governmental use of dieldrin and DDT. In a suit filed 1 December in the U.S. District Court in Brooklyn, New York, EDF seeks to stop the U.S. Department of Agriculture from taking part in the dieldrinspraying project in Michigan and from continuing to recommend DDT for control of Dutch elm disease.If and when this case is heard, Yannacone's argument will be based in part on the Ninth Amendment, a seldom-cited constitutional provision which simply says, "The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others [such as the right to an uncontaminated environment, EDF says] retained by the people." Also, his case will rest on the constitutional guarantees that all citizens shall enjoy equal protection of the laws and that none shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law. Thus, he will argue that the courts must hear the scientific evidence about the ecological damage done by the application of dieldrin by governmental agencies-which, in the Berrien County case, happen to be acting largely for the economic benefit of fruit growers.

Glomus cells, at least in the carotid body of cats, contain catechol and indolamines. Cells containing adrenaline, noradrenaline, and 5-hydroxytryptamine were identified.

Daily urinary excretion of catechol amines in normal rats and in rats from which the adrenal medullae had been removed has been determined by a photofluorimetric method. In both groups, reserpine (2 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) produces: (1) A decrease in the urinary excretion of noradrenaline which persists for more than 3 weeks; this action is not influenced by monoamine oxidase inhibitors and mecamylamine. (2) An increase, within 20 to 68 hr, in the urinary excretion of adrenaline, even though the urine of rats without adrenal medullae does not usually contain adrenaline. These effects are prevented by monoamine oxidase inhibitors and, in the normal animals, are reduced by mecamylamine. In both groups, dexamphetamine (6 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) produces an increase in the excretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline, the adrenaline appearing in the urine of the rats without adrenal medullae within 20 to 44 hr. Mecamylamine prevents the effect of dexamphetamine on the excretion of noradrenaline. Dexamphetamine, administered within a week of reserpine treatment, produces its usual effects on the urinary excretion of catechol amines in normal rats, but has no effect in rats without adrenal medullae. The results are discussed with regard to both the mechanism by which reserpine and dexamphetamine influence the peripheral stores of adrenaline and noradrenaline, and the significance of the adrenal and extra-adrenal chromaffin system.

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