-(Morphological and physiological adjustments in young plants of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze in response to shading). This study evaluated the ability of plants of Araucaria angustifolia in adjusting some aspects of their morphology and physiology to different light conditions. Plants were submitted to full irradiance and shaded (90% reduction) conditions. During the course of a greenhouse experiment, four harvests were made (31, 49, 75 and 158 days after planting) and growth measurements of the shoot and roots were taken. A reduction in dry mass accumulation was observed in the shaded plants. These plants also had an initial enhancement of height growth, accumulated more chlorophyll, and, by the end of the experiment, had branched less and attained a greater leaf area ratio than the control plants. These morphological and physiological changes, which exhibited a temporally discontinuous expression, were interpreted as adjustments towards a more efficient light absorption and resource conservation under shading, which may contribute to the reported hade tolerance of the species. Key words: Brazilian pine, light, shade tolerance RESUMO -(Ajustes morfológicos e fisiológicos em plantas jovens de Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze em resposta ao sombreamento). Este trabalho avaliou a capacidade de plantas de Araucaria angustifolia em ajustar alguns aspectos de sua morfologia e fisiologia a diferentes condições de luz. As plantas foram submetidas a irradiação plena e sombreamento (redução de 90%). Ao longo do experimento, conduzido em casa de vegetação, foram efetuadas quatro avaliações (31, 49, 75 e 158 dias após o plantio) de crescimento na parte aérea e no sistema radicular. Uma redução no acúmulo de massa seca foi verificada nas plantas sombreadas. Estas também exibiram maior crescimento inicial em altura, acumularam mais clorofila e, ao final do experimento, haviam ramificado menos e atingido maior razão de área foliar, quando comparadas às controles. Estas alterações morfológicas e fisiológicas, cujas expressões foram temporalmente descontínuas, foram interpretadas como ajustes para uma absorção mais eficiente de luz e de economia de recursos sob condições de sombreamento, devendo contribuir para a relatada tolerância ao sombreamento da espécie. Palavras-chave: luz, pinheiro brasileiro, tolerância à sombra IntroduçãoAraucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze (Araucariaceae), também conhecida como pinheiro brasileiro ou pinheiro-do-paraná, é uma das essências florestais mais importantes no sul do Brasil. A espécie destaca-se pela alta qualidade de sua madeira, fonte de alimento para a fauna e para o homem, como também pela exuberante beleza paisagística na região onde ocorre (Reitz & Klein 1966).A exploração irracional e descontrolada de sua valiosa madeira nos últimos 40 anos reduziu a área de ocupação da espécie, de cerca de 200.000 km 2 para aproximadamente 6.000 km 2 . Essências exóticas (em sua maioria dos gêneros Pinus e Eucalyptus) têm sido selecionadas para projetos de reflorestame...
â€" We report the diet and the fate of seeds ingested by a family group of Salvin’s Curassow {Mitu salvini) in Colombian Amazon. The study group consumed 123 plant species from 41 families. Of these, 106 species provided fruits, 21 seeds, 7 cotyledons, 19 flowers, and 9 leaves. Many species of invertebrates and vertebrates were also consumed. During the 14 months about 70% of the diet of each individual was composed of fruits. However, there was considerable temporal variation in diet composition and fruits were not always the most exploited item. Salvin’s Curassow acts mainly as a seed predator (67% of the species eaten) on seeds longer than 5 mm but as a seed disperser (28% of the species eaten) for seeds shorter than 5 mm long, which were only rarely and opportunistically exploited. The remaining fruits eaten (5% of the species consumed) were neither dispersed nor predated. As a result of our study, we propose that Salvin’s Curassows are mainly seed predators because most seeds ingested by the study group were preyed upon, and seed size was critical in determining seed fate.
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