FUNDAMENTOS: O câncer de pele é mais comum nas populações de pele branca. Quanto aos tumores de pele, o CBC é o mais freqüente. Das lesões pré-cancerosas, a que ocorre com mais freqüência é a ceratose actínica, que se torna maligna em percentual variável de 20 a 25% dos casos. OBJETIVO: Analisar a ocorrência e os locais do corpo mais acometidos por lesões cancerosas de pele e também pela ceratose actínica. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo que analisou, em 2002, biópsias de pele de 491 pacientes com diagnóstico de ceratose actínica, CBC, CEC ou melanoma, resultando em 531 diagnósticos registrados pelo Serviço de Anatomia Patológica de um hospital universitário de Curitiba. RESULTADOS: Em amostra de 270 (54,99%) mulheres e 221 (45,01%) homens, o CBC (58,46% - 114/195) e o melanoma (61,5% - 16/26), assim como a ceratose actínica (60,79% - 107/176), acometeram mais o sexo feminino. O CEC prevaleceu no sexo masculino (64,39% - 61/94). Dos 531 diagnósticos, 62,90% (334) apontaram tumores malignos de pele, sendo o CBC o mais encontrado (39,74% - 211), e correspondendo 37,10% (197) à ceratose actínica. Quanto à localização das lesões, houve maior acometimento na extremidade cefálica, que atingiu 50,47% (268) dos casos. Em relação ao melanoma, três localizações foram mais prevalentes (dorso, região malar e pé), cada uma com 11,50% (3/26). CONCLUSÕES: O CBC foi o tumor mais encontrado nos laudos analisados. O sexo feminino foi o mais acometido. Houve maior prevalência nas sexta e sétima décadas. A extremidade cefálica foi a localização mais comum das lesões estudadas, com exceção do melanoma, que ocorreu mais no dorso, região malar e pé
Advanced high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma is a serious malignant neoplasm with a late diagnosis and high mortality rate. Even when treated with standard therapy, such as surgery followed by carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy, the prognosis remains unfavorable. Immunotherapy is a treatment alternative that requires further study. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the expression of PD-1, PD-L1, CD8, MSI (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2), and p53 in the paraffin samples of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. A retrospective study of 28 southern Brazilian patients with advanced serous ovarian carcinoma (EC III or IV) was conducted between 2009 and 2020. The expression of these proteins was evaluated using immunohistochemistry, and the results were correlated with the patients’ clinicopathological data. At diagnosis, the mean age was 61 years, and the most common clinical stage (60%) was EC III. Among the cases, 84.6% exhibited p53 overexpression, 14.8% had MSI, 92.0% were sensitive to platinum, and more than 50.0% relapsed after treatment. Patients with MSI had a lower CD8/PD-1 ratio and more relapses (p = 0.03). In conclusion, analysis of immunotherapeutic markers in paraffin-embedded advanced serous ovarian carcinoma samples is feasible and may assist in prognosis.
Advanced high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma is a serious malignant neoplasm with a late diagnosis and high mortality rate. Even when treated with standard therapy, such as surgery followed by carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy, the prognosis remains unfavorable. Im-munotherapy is a treatment alternative that requires further study. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the expression of the immunotherapy markers: PD-1, PD-L1, CD8, MSI (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2), and p53 in the paraffin samples of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. A retrospective study of 28 southern Brazilian patients with advanced serous ovarian carcinoma (EC III or IV) was conducted between 2009 and 2020. The expression of these proteins was evaluated using im-munohistochemistry, and the results were correlated with the patients' clinicopathological data. At diagnosis, the mean age was 61 years, and the most common clinical stage (60%) was EC III. Among the cases, 84.6% exhibited p53 overexpression, 14.8% had MSI, 92.0% were sensitive to platinum, and more than 50.0% relapsed after treatment. Patients with MSI had a lower CD8/PD-1 ratio and more relapses (p=0.03). In conclusion, analysis of immunotherapeutic markers in paraf-fin-embedded samples of advanced serous ovarian carcinoma is feasible and may assist in prog-nosis.
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