To evaluate the scientific evidence about the fecal inflammatory biomarkers used in medical practice for the evaluation of disease activity and diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease. Data source: Were evaluated articles of BVS databases, Scielo, Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct. The descriptors used in this review were "inflammatory bowel disease" AND ("diet" OR "nutrition"). They considered manuscripts published between 2014 and December 2019, available in full and published in English. Data synthesis: Initially identified 676 articles. The first selection, based on the analysis of the titles and abstracts of the 676 selected articles, resulted in 90 articles and after the complete reading of the manuscripts, 24 studies were considered eligible for analysis. No study has been conducted in Brazil. Conclusions:The studies analyzed in this systematic review increase that qualitative or quantitative changes in certain food groups in the composition of diets make the patient susceptible to IBD or increase the chances of acute crises.