Purpose:To quantify the intensity of the expression of neutral and acids mucins in mucosa of the colon with and without fecal stream and to correlate this with the duration of fecal transit diversion. Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were subjected to fecal transit deviation in the left colon by a proximal colostomy and a distal mucous fistula. The animals were divided into three experimental groups, according to whether sacrificing would be performed six, 12 or 18 weeks after surgery. The expression of neutral and acid mucins was evaluated using the histochemical techniques of Periodic Acid Schiff and Alcian Blue, respectively. The tissue mucins expression was quantified by computer-assisted image analysis software (NIS-Elements) in the segments with and without fecal stream. Student's paired t test was used to compare the quantities of mucins in colon with or without fecal stream and variance between the experimental groups by ANOVA and Newman-Keuls post-test, establishing level of signification of 5% (p<0.05). Results: There were significant decreased quantities of acid and neutral mucins in the colon without transit, compared with the colon with fecal stream, independent of the duration of exclusion. There was increased expression of neutral mucins in the colon with fecal stream after 12 and 18 weeks of exclusion. There was no increase in the expression of acid mucins in the colon with transit as the duration of fecal transit exclusion progressed. There was increased production of acid mucins in the animals submitted to diversion of the fecal stream for 18 weeks, compared with those subjected to diversion for 6 and 12 weeks. In the colon without fecal stream, there was increased expression of neutral mucins after 12 and 18 weeks of exclusion. Conclusions: Deviation of the fecal stream decreased the expression of acid and neutral mucins in the segments without fecal transit, compared with segments with transit. Regardless of the reduced expression of acid and neutral mucins in the segments without fecal stream, their tissue expression increased with increasing duration of intestinal deviation. Key words: Colitis. Colostomy. Mucins. Sialomucins. Image Processing, Computer-Assisted. RESUMOObjetivo: Quantificar a intensidade de expressão de mucinas neutras e ácidas na mucosa cólica provida e desprovida de trânsito intestinal relacionando-a ao tempo de exclusão fecal. Métodos: Trinta ratos Wistar machos foram submetidos à derivação do trânsito no cólon esquerdo por colostomia proximal e fístula mucosa distal. Os animais foram divididos em três grupos experimentais segundo o sacrifício ter sido realizado seis, 12 e 18 semanas após a cirurgia. A avaliação da expressão de mucinas neutras e ácidas na mucosa cólica foi realizada com as técnicas histoquímicas do Periódico Ácido de Schiff e Azul de Alcian, respectivamente. A quantificação da expressão tecidual das mucinas foi com auxílio de programa de análise de imagem assistida por computador (NIS-Elements) nos segmentos providos e desprovidos de trânsito fec...

PURPOSE: To quantify the intensity of sulfomucin and sialomucin expression in the colon mucosa, by means of computer-assisted image processing, comparing segments with and without fecal stream and correlating with the duration of fecal transit exclusion. METHODS: Forty-five Wistar rats were subjected to diversion of the fecal stream in the left colon by means of constructing a proximal colostomy and distal mucosal fistula. They were distributed randomly into three experimental groups of 15 animals, of which 10 were subjected to colon diversion (experimental subgroup) and five were only subjected to laparotomy, without colon diversion (control subgroup). The three experimental groups were formed according to the sacrifice date, which was to be performed six weeks after the surgical procedure (Group A), 12 weeks (Group B) and 18 weeks (Group C). The sulfomucin and sialomucin expression in the colon mucosa was evaluated using the histochemical technique of high iron diamine-alcian blue (HID-AB). The tissue expression was quantified for each animal, in the segments with and without fecal stream, at a location where there were four complete contiguous crypts in two random fields, with the aid of the computer-assisted image analysis software. The final value was taken to be the mean reading from the two fields selected, in the segments with and without fecal stream. To compare the expressions of the two mucin subtypes in the segments with and without fecal stream, the paired Student t test was used. To analyze variance according to duration of exclusion, ANOVA with the Newman-Keuls post-test was used, setting the significance level at 5% (p<0.05). RESULTS: There were significant reductions in tissue sulfomucin and sialomucin content in the colon without fecal stream, independent of the duration of exclusion considered. There was increased tissue sulfomucin content and decreased tissue sialomucin in the segments without fecal stream, with increasing duration of exclusion. CONCLUSIONS: Diversion of the fecal transit decreased the tissue sulfomucin and sialomucin content in the segments without fecal stream. Notwithstanding the reduction in the levels of both subtypes of acid mucin in the segments without fecal stream, there was increased tissue sulfomucin content and decreased tissue sialomucin with increasing duration of intestinal diversion.

Enema with 5-ASA reduces oxidative DNA damage in epithelial cells of colon segments without fecal stream, even after H2O2 challenge, confirming the effects of 5-ASA against DNA damage by oxygen free radicals.

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RESUMO: A pseudolipomatose cólica é uma condição benigna, raramente descrita, caracterizada histologicamente pela presença de múltiplas vesículas contendo ar na parede do intestino grosso. Acredita-se que a doença tenha origem iatrogênica, ocasionada pela infiltração de ar através da mucosa cólica durante a realização de procedimentos endoscópicos. O objetivo do presente relato é apresentar um caso de pseudolipomatose cólica, confirmada por meio de estudo histopatológico e imunoistoquímico. Relato do caso: Mulher, 74 anos foi submetida à colonoscopia para investigação de anemia. Apresentava sangramento retal cíclico durante as evacuações, perda ponderal e anemia. O exame endoscópico não mostrou alterações do cólon, detectando apenas mamilo hemorroidário que no momento do exame apresentava sinais de sangramento recente. Três semanas após o exame foi submetida à ligadura elástica do mamilo hemorroidário. Durante a realização do procedimento encontrou-se área sobrelevada na mucosa intestinal, de coloração amarelo-esbranquiçada, com aproximadamente quatro centímetros de diâmetro, localizada na parede posterior do reto, a 13 cm da margem anal que inexistia quando da realização da colonoscopia. Foi realizada biópsia da região alterada da mucosa e ligadura elástica do mamilo hemorroidário. O exame histopatológico demonstrou a presença de inúmeros vacúolos de diâmetro variado, algumas vezes confluentes, localizados na lamina própria da parede intestinal mimetizando tecido adiposo. Notava-se ainda presença de pertuito longitudinal que comunicava a região vacuolizada com a superfície da mucosa cólica. As técnicas histoquímicas e imunoistoquímicas para detecção de gordura no interior das vesículas revelaram-se negativas, permitindo o diagnóstico de pseudolipomatose cólica. Após a ligadura elástica a enferma não mais apresentou sangramento retal, recuperando-se da anemia. Conclusão: A pseudolipomatose do cólon, apesar da raridade, é uma condição que pode ser encontrada após a realização de procedimentos endoscópicos no cólon.