The aim of the study is to investigate the relevance of rs1056663 and rs2708861 HUS1 polymorphisms, and rs104548, rs2981582 and rs2910164 polymorphisms of CASP8, FGFR2 and micro RNA 146A genes, respectively, as risk modifiers in hereditary breast or ovarian cancer (BC/OC) and risk factors in sporadic BC. We performed a case-control study in 189 healthy controls (CG) and 538 BC/OC cases, 340 with familial history of BC/OC (130 carriers of BRCA1/2 mutations and 210 non-carriers) and 198 sporadic BC/OC. The polymorphisms were assessed by real-time PCR using primers and fluorescent-labelled hybridization probes. We found statistically significant differences between familial BC/OC and CG for rs1056663 and rs2708861 HSU1 polymorphisms and rs2981582 FGFR2 polymorphism, particularly in non-carriers of BRCA1/2 mutations. In this group we found statistical differences for rs1056663 HSU1 and rs2981582 FGFR2 polymorphisms (p-trend < 0.006). The logistic regression confirmed that rs2981582 FGFR2 polymorphism (OR = 2.09; 95 % CI 1.35, 3.20) and the interaction between rs1056663 and rs2708861 HUS1 polymorphisms increased the risk of cancer (OR = 1.87; 95 % CI 1.19, 2.92). Furthermore, we found that the presence of rs1056663 and rs2708861 HUS1 polymorphisms is associated with early age of presentation of BC (p = 0.015) in the group of non-carriers of BRCA1/2 mutations. In addition, no association of the polymorphisms studied in sporadic BC was observed. In conclusion, the HUS1 and FGFR2 polymorphisms act as risk BC modifiers in familial BC/OC, particularly in the group of non-carriers of BRCA1/2 mutations.
Resumen: Objetivo: valorar la efectividad de la intervención psicológica individual sobre ansiedad, depresión y las estrategias de afrontamiento en tres grupos: Grupo 1 (G 1 ) que utiliza la Terapia Cognitivo Conductual (TCC); Grupo 2 (G 2 ) basado en counselling y psicoeducación; y el Grupo Control (GC) que no realiza intervención psicológica. Método: estudio cuasi experimental con una muestra de 180 pacientes y 51,9 años de edad media. Los instrumentos de evaluación fueron el MINI-MAC y el HADS; se administraron después de la operación quirúrgica a G 1 (n= 50) y G 2 (n=98) , y al finalizar el tratamiento quimioterápico a G 1, G 2 y GC (n=32). Resultados: después de 7 meses de intervención psicológica, G 1 redujo significativamente las medias de ansiedad, depresión, preocupación ansiosa y desesperanza; en G 2 disminuyeron los niveles de ansiedad, depresión; y se mantuvo el espíritu de lucha al mismo nivel. El GC demostró niveles de depresión, ansiedad y preocupación ansiosa mayores que G 1 y G 2 . Conclusión: la intervención psicológica (independientemente del tipo de terapia) ayuda a reducir las medias de depresión y ansiedad e incrementar las estrategias de afrontamiento adecuadas como el espíritu de lucha. La TCC es más efectiva en la reducción de sintomatología clínica depresiva y ansiosa. El counselling y la psicoeducación contribuyen a mantener y mejorar las medias de ansiedad, depresión en parámetros no clínicos y fomenta el espíritu de lucha en mujeres que no poseían inicialmente sintomatología depresiva o ansiosa grave. Palabras Clave: Cáncer de mama localizado; ansiedad; depresión; intervención psicológica; terapia cognitivo conductual (tcc); counselling; psicoeducación.[en] Effectiveness study of psychological intervention in patients with localized breast cancer Abstract: Objective: analysing the effectiveness of individual psychological intervention focusing on coping skills, anxiety and depression in 3 groups: Group 1 (G 1 ) which used Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT); Group 2 (G 2 ) based in counselling and psychoeducation therapy; and the Control Group (CG) without psychological intervention. Method: quasi-experimental longitudinal study with a sample of 180 patients with a mean of 51,9 years of age. The instruments used were the MINI-MAC and the HADS; they were administered to G 1 (n= 50) and G 2 (n=98) after surgery; and at the
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