Objectives Fatty acids have an important role in nutrition. The objective was to analyze the effect of diet containing olive oil, with and without the supplementation with omega 3, on serum, thymus and brain's fatty acid profiles of growing rats. Methods Weanling Wistar rats fed during 10 days a diet containing olive oil as fat (O group). Other group received the same diet supplemented with 24mg/day of fish oil (OS group). Control group(C) received diet according AIN´93. Serum, thymus and brain's fatty acids profiles were determined by gas chromatography. Statistical analysis used ANOVA. Results Results (%Area) were expressed as the Mean ± SD: SERUM: OLEIC O:23.44 ± 3.68a;  OS:18.31 ± 2.22a;  C:10.60 ± 2.01b;  LINOLEIC(LA) O:12.44 ± 1.65b;  OS:12.98 ± 4.31b;  C:18.27 ± 2.81a;  LINOLENIC(ALA) O:0.30 ± 0.09b;  OS:0.32 ± 0.08b;  C:0.92 ± 0.34a;  EPA O:0.65 ± 0.17b;  OS:1.63 ± 0.49a;  C:0.80 ± 0.23b;  DHA: O:1.57 ± 0.58b;  OS:4.00 ± 1.70a;  C:1.33 ± 0.19b. THYMUS: OLEIC O:21.54 ± 5.92;  OS:24.40 ± 5.04;  C:18.22 ± 3.23;  LINOLEIC O:5.90 ± 0.56b;  OS:6.50 ± 0.61b;  C:10.89 ± 2.18a;  ALA O:0.27 ± 0.02b;  OS:0.30 ± 0.07b;  C:0.49 ± 0.19a;  EPA O:0.49 ± 0.28;  OS:0.50 ± 0.13;  C:0.50 ± 0.12;  DHA O:0.47 ± 0.10b;  OS:0.70 ± 0.12a;  C:0.52 ± 0.16b. BRAIN: OLEIC O:13.11 ± 2.64;  OS:12.94 ± 1.07;  C:13.14 ± 1.56;  LA O:1.17 ± 0.46;  OS:1.05 ± 0.33;  C:1.26 ± 0.19;  ALA O:0.15 ± 0.03;  OS:0.12 ± 0.04;  C:0.16 ± 0.06;  EPA O:0.46 ± 0.18;  OS:0.38 ± 0.09;  C:0.33 ± 0.07;  DHA: O:11.39 ± 2.04;  OS:11.32 ± 1.69;  C:11.66 ± 1.63. Means with one letter (a, b) in common, were not significantly different (p > 0.05). In sera, O and OS showed lower ALA and LA and higher oleic levels, compared to C. OS presented high levels of EPA and DHA. In thymus, O and OS groups showed lower levels of ALA and LA than C. DHA only increased in the OS group. No changes were presented in the brain. Conclusions The results suggest that olive oil exacerbated omega-9 family with diminution of essential fatty acids while organism tries to sustain brain essential fatty acids. Fish oil supplementation increased serum and thymus DHA levels, not modifying low levels of other essential fatty acids. Another source of supplementation may be convenient to analyze. Funding Sources Supported by University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

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Objectives Dietary lipids have a very important role in nutrition and must be ingested in an appropriate proportion. Objective: To study the effect of w3 fatty acid supplementation of a diet containing sunflower oil (rich in fatty acids omega 6) as fat source, on serum fatty acid profiles of growing rats. Methods Weanling Wistar rats received during 10 days normocaloric diet and fat was provided by sunflower oil (S group). The others groups received the same diet supplemented with 24mg/day of fish oil (SF group) or chía oil (SCh group). Control group (C) received AIN´93 diet. Serum fatty acids profiles were determined by gas chromatography. Statistical analysis used ANOVA test. Results Results: (expressed as %Area) SERUM: OLEIC C:10.11 ± 1.84, S:12.13 ± 3.84, SCh:12.74 ± 1.56, SF: 13.12 ± 2.82; ARACHIDONIC C:13.40 ± 4.39, S:17.61 ± 4.09, SCh: 15.75 ± 0.89, SF:15.41 ± 1.76; LINOLEIC C:20.52 ± 3.37, S: 19.80 ± 3.36, SCh: 21.14 ± 2.12, SF: 18.92 ± 3.87; LINOLENIC (ALA) C:0.93 ± 0.27a, S:0.19 ± 0.06 b, SCh: 0.28 ± 0.08b, SF:0.22 ± 0.05b; EPA C:0.80 ± 0.22, S:0.68 ± 0.15, SCh: 0.74 ± 0.18, SF: 0.67 ± 0.14; DHA C:1.60 ± 0.55a, S:1.14 ± 0.35a, SCh:1.70 ± 0.45a, SF:4.22 ± 0.93b. Media that didn't present a letter (a, b) in common, were different (p < 0.01). In sera, S, SF and SCh groups showed lower ALA levels compared to C. SF group presented high levels of DHA. Diet S was mainly a contributor to linoleic acid with a ratio w6/w3 = 250 (recommended value: 5–10). Conclusions The diet containing sunflower oil as fat source shows that ω6 family route was exacerbated; by the other hand ω3 family was depressed. Chia supplement showed a tendency towards higher values of w3 family but were significantly lower than C. Fish oil supplement increase significantly DHA values. Diet containing sunflower oil as fat source provoked changes in serum fatty acids profiles and the supplementation with w3 fatty acid provided by chía or fish oil do not increase ALA values significantly. Diet influences the serum fatty acid profile, being not only important the percentage of lipids on it but also the different fatty acids pattern. Funding Sources UBACyT: 20020190100093BA.