Background: Since patients admitted to the intensive care unit have a compromised immune system and are more prone to infection than other patients, timely diagnosis and treatment of corneal ulcers among this group of patients can prevent vision loss. Therefore, it is necessary to treat eye infections and corneal ulcers promptly and economize prohibitive costs. Objective: Appropriate treatment with the most effective antibiotic before the answer is available to prevent corneal ulcer complications and blindness. Method: This study was conducted from November 2019 to November 2020 and after approval by the ethics committee of Hamedan University of Medical Sciences with the code of ethics: IR.UMSHA.REC.1398.716. First, the corneal secretions of 121 patients admitted to the intensive care unit of Sina Hospital are prepared by an ophthalmologist (after anesthetizing the cornea with tetracaine drops and sterile swabs) and culture in four growth mediums (blood agar, chocolate agar, thioglycolate, and EMB). Microbial cultures are examined after 48 hours and a fungal culture is examined one week later. Disc diffusions are placed in positive microbial cultures. Antibiotic susceptibility or resistance of the antibiogram was recorded. Other demographic data, including patients' age and sex, are extracted from ICU files. Also, test results and patient identifications are recorded in a checklist designed for this purpose. Results: Of all the antibiotics used against common bacteria, vancomycin (84%), colistin (80.43%), cefazolin (80%), and levofloxacin (60%) had the highest sensitivity and gentamicin (93.75%), ceftazidime (86.42 %) Erythromycin (85%) had the highest resistance against isolated bacteria. Conclusion: The data obtained from this study showed that the most common microorganisms in the age group under the age of 30 years were Acinetobacter Baumannii, in the group of 30-60 years old was Klebsiella pneumonia, and age group over 61 years old was Staphylococcus aureus, and the most sensitive antibiotics in the age group under 30 years were vancomycin and levofloxacin and the age group30-60 were colistin and vancomycin and in the age group over 61 years were vancomycin and cefazolin.

Background Autoimmune hepatitis as a chronic inflammatory disease of the liver can occur when the body's immune system is stimulated against liver cells, but its exact cause is unknown. Autoimmune hepatitis, if left untreated, leads to liver damage or cirrhosis over time, which can eventually cause liver failure. Objective This descriptive-analytical study was done to assess the frequency of serological results of autoimmune hepatitis-related antibodies in patients with non-viral hepatitis referring to an inpatient clinic in 2019 and provide basic information for future studies and assistance in localization of external guidelines performed to diagnose autoimmune hepatitis. Methods All patients were evaluated for age and sex, ANA, ASMA, and LKM antibodies, and immunoglobulin by preparing 5 cc of blood samples using laboratory techniques and electrophoresis. The collected data were recorded in the checklist created by the researcher. Results The total number of 209 patients with non-viral hepatitis, with a mean age of 37.98 years participated in this study. In patients with non-viral hepatitis, 50.2% of patients had polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, in 17.2% ANA was positive, in 16.3% ASMA was positive, and 1.9% LKM was positive. Conclusion hypergammaglobulinemia, ANA, and ASMA are suitable antibodies for autoimmune hepatitis. Moreover, laboratory results of ANA and ASMA in patients with autoimmune hepatitis indicate low levels of these antibodies in Iran and their deficiency in other countries. Conventional diagnostic methods can provide a definitive diagnosis. Therefore, it shows the need for further examination of laboratory instruments and wider use of other diagnostic methods, including biopsy and further assessments.

This study aimed to compare the effects of N-acetylcysteine and Bromhexine on the recovery rate and prevention of hospitalization in outpatients with COVID-19. PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients were divided into three groups: N-acetylcysteine group, Bromhexine group, and control group. Patients were followed up on the seventh and fourteenth days of the disease, and hospitalization and mortality rates were evaluated after one month. The study found that both N-acetylcysteine and Bromhexine can effectively reduce hospitalization rates and mortality and shorten the duration of hospitalization. The third visit of patients who received N-acetylcysteine showed an increase of 1.33% in oxygen saturation compared to their first visit, and in patients who received Bromhexine, this increase was 1.19%. The mortality rate was 9.33% in the control group and zero in both groups of patients who received medication. This study provides evidence for the early initiation of N-acetylcysteine and Bromhexine in outpatients with COVID-19. Clinical trial code: IRCT20220302054167N1, ethics code: IR.UMSHA.REC.1400.957.

This study aimed to compare the effects of N-acetylcysteine and Bromhexine on the recovery rate and prevention of hospitalization in outpatients with COVID-19. PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients were divided into three groups: N-acetylcysteine group, Bromhexine group, and control group. Patients were followed up on the seventh and fourteenth days of the disease, and hospitalization and mortality rates were evaluated after one month. The study found that both N-acetylcysteine and Bromhexine can effectively reduce hospitalization rates and mortality and shorten the duration of hospitalization. The third visit of patients who received N-acetylcysteine showed an increase of 1.33% in oxygen saturation compared to their first visit, and in patients who received Bromhexine, this increase was 1.19%. The mortality rate was 9.33% in the control group and zero in both groups of patients who received medication. This study provides evidence for the early initiation of N-acetylcysteine and Bromhexine in outpatients with COVID-19. Clinical trial code: IRCT20220302054167N1, ethics code: IR.UMSHA.REC.1400.957.