BackgroundPTEN is a tumor suppressor gene that regulates the PTEN/PI3k/AKT/mTOR pathway, which is frequently altered in human cancers including gallbladder cancer (GBC). To determine the frequency of PTEN expression in GBC and to establish its relation to clinical and morphological parameters and survival in GBC.MethodsThe immunohistochemical expression of PTEN was studied in 108 GBC. All the cases included areas of non-tumor mucosa adjacent to the tumor.ResultsThe group was comprised of 108 patients, 91 women (84.3 %) and 17 men (15.7 %) with an average age of 65.2 years (SD ± 12.3 years). Thirty-five cases (33 %) were early carcinomas (EC) and the remaining 73 (67 %) were advanced cases (AC). All the internal controls were positive (moderate or intense in 96.3 %). Only in three AC (4.1 %) was there a complete absence of PTEN immunohistochemical expression. There were no significant differences in relation between PTEN expression and tumor infiltration or degree of differentiation. The three patients with PTEN inactivation died before 10 months; however, the other patients with AC had a survival of 53 % at 10 months.DiscussionLoss of PTEN expression was observed in 4.1 % of the advanced GBC. All the patients with this alteration died before 10 months. PTEN inactivation could be a rare event, but with a poor prognosis in advanced GBC.

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E l cáncer de colon y recto es el cuarto cán-cer de mayor incidencia y mortalidad en el mundo y representa la tercera causa de mortalidad por tumores malignos en el hombre y el quinto en la mujer 1 . En Chile ocupa el tercer lugar entre los cánceres digestivos y el séptimo a nivel global con una mortalidad de alrededor de 8 por 10 6 habitantes 2-4 . Desde el punto de vista genético-molecular, esta neoplasia ha sido extensamente caracterizada tanto en sus formas esporádicas como las hereditarias poliposas y no poliposas [5][6][7] , así como los genes que participan y vías metabólicas involucradas [8][9][10] . (Rev Med Chile 2014; 142: 55-60)

(Rev Med Chile 2013; 141: 1529-1533