Mercury or hydrargyrum (Hg) is an important neurotoxin for living organisms. Small doses of mercury can cause various disorders of the nervous system. The US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) has established recommended levels of mercury in hair (<1 mg / kg). The main source of mercury for human body is fish. In the period from 2017 to 2018, 231 residents of the coastal region of North-West Russia were examined for the determination of mercury in their hair. The average mercury content in the hair was 1.139 mg / kg. No difference in the level of mercury between men (mean = 1.222 mg / kg) and women (mean = 1.099 mg / kg) was found. The smallest amount of mercury is noted in the hair of people under 27 years old (0.579 mg / kg). A correlation was established between the amount of mercury in the hair and the amount of fish consumption. The concentration of mercury in the hair of people who consume fish several times a week (2.001 mg / kg) is 2 times higher than in the hair of people who consume fish less than 1 time per month is (1.070 mg / kg).

According to the lactadehydrogenase locus, the genetic diversity of 9 samples of the Volga sevryuga of different origin was studied. In total, 733 pieces of young sevryuga, 99 pieces of producers and 107 pieces were studied. four-year-olds of sevryuga with MPERZ. To assess the genetic variability of lactate dehyrogenase allozymes, the method of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used, as the most appropriate for assessing the influence of the environment in natural and domesticated populations. It is shown that the young sevryuga, grown in the conditions of 6 Astrakhan sturgeon hatcheries, differs significantly from the control group of natural producers. The LDH-3 lactate dehydrogenase locus is represented by 6 genotypes. 5 genotypes were found in producers, in the absence of only genotype 100/112. Genotypes 70/112 and 112/122 are missing in the samples from all plants and MPERZ, while genotype 70/70, which was found in excess at MPERZ, is also missing in three plants. However, in general, only 2 genotypes out of 6 are missing for all ARI. A study of the dynamics of the frequency of alleles in this set of samples showed that in 4 samples with ARI and on MPRZ there is no allele 112. However, in general, the ARI allele persists. Thus, it is shown that due to the different genetic variability of LDH-3 in juveniles from different acute respiratory infections, the genetic diversity in the samples as a whole approaches the indicators of producers. Therefore, the preservation of a variety of growing conditions for young sevryuga will contribute to the preservation of its genetic diversity.

Investigated the genetic variability of domesticated herds of the Russian sturgeon. This was selected three samples of fingerlings: the offspring of wild spawners and offspring domestizierung producers grown on Bertuliskan sturgeon hatcheries and the offspring domestizierung manufacturers grown at the hatchery Elektrogorsk TPP. Was investigated three polymorphic enzyme systems, the malate dehydrogenase (MDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and esterase (Ect). Genetic and biochemical studies carried out by electrophoresis. Review such factors as frequency of occurrence and level of heterozygosity. Investigated the relative abundance of Homo — and heterozygous genotypes in each enzyme system. To study morphological variability, we studied data on young Russian sturgeon caught from the Volga, Don and Kuban rivers, fingerling raised in a fish farm outside the range from the larval stage, fingerling raised in the conditions of the pilot fish-breeding workshop of the Novolipetsk metallurgical combine and fingerling raised in a fish farm using warm waste water of the Elektrogorskaya GRES-3 named after R. E. Klasson. We used both literary sources and our own data. The following features were selected for analysis: the number of beetles in the dorsal (Sd), lateral (Sl) and abdominal (Sv) rows. It is shown that the number of beetles in fingerlings grown in warm waters is significantly less than in fish from the natural environment.

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