Introduction. Effective delivery of ophthalmic drugs is challenging. The eye has a number of protective systems and physiological barriers, which is why ophthalmic dosage forms have a low bioavailability, usually not exceeding 5 %. Topical drug administration is relatively easy to use and is most commonly prescribed by physicians for the treatment of ophthalmic diseases, especially the anterior segment of the eye. However, when using traditional delivery systems, a number of problems arise: patients' violation of the drug administration technique, and, as a consequence, a decrease in treatment compliance, restriction of drug delivery to the target eye tissues due to low epithelial permeability and rapid clearance after drug administration. Maintaining a constant therapeutic drug level is another challenge that traditional delivery systems often fail to cope with.Text. The article discusses the types of ophthalmic delivery systems. Traditional ones are represented by such dosage forms as eye drops, ointments, gels. Modern ophthalmic dosage forms are represented by: eye films, contact lenses and eye implants. The characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of each type of delivery systems and their promising directions of development, as well as modern developments in this area are given.Conclusion. Currently, most of the scientific research on the development of ophthalmic delivery systems is devoted to obtaining dosage forms capable of maintaining a constant concentration of the drug in the target tissue, providing the transport of active ingredients to them. This is achieved by using modern advances in nanotechnology and polymer chemistry. Receive liquid and soft dosage forms with micro-, nano- and micro-nano-carriers. Polymeric delivery systems such as films, lenses and implants are being actively developed and studied. The development of modern technological approaches opens up new possibilities for the treatment of a wide range of ophthalmic diseases by reducing the side effects often induced by the intrinsic toxicity of molecules, reducing the frequency of the administered dose and maintaining the pharmacological profile of the drug. Thus, the use of modern ophthalmic delivery systems can significantly limit the use of invasive treatments.

The purpose of this study is to find a unique ophthalmic packaging that takes into account modern requirements for both maintaining the quality and safety of the drug, compliance with therapy, and increasing the profitability and environmental friendliness of its production. Statistics from open international databases on drugs approved for ophthalmic therapy in 2022 are provided. The research criteria were a valid registration status, the type of packaging and the presence of a preservative in the composition of the eye drops. The results of statistical processing of databases of ministries of health of different countries have shown the relevance of monodose ophthalmic packaging, capable of long-term storage of the drug without preservatives. In many countries, particularly in Europe, many drugs in the form of a monodose containers are registered. On this basis, a unique aluminum-based monodose container design is proposed, eliminating the use of large quantities of plastic.

Abstract. The spread of ophthalmic infectious diseases around the world and uniformity of the market of dosage forms for their therapy generate an incentive for scientists to develop innovative drug forms, to create improved therapy for such diseases as uevitis, conjunctivitis, keratitis and blepharitis. There are two types of eye dosage forms on the market of the Russian Federation - drops and ointments, which have a short shelf life after the first application, a high risk of microbial infection and infection of a "healthy" eye. Based on these facts, the study aims to develop a solid extended dosed biodegradable ocular insert for use in ophthalmotherapy. This article is devoted to the peculiarities of influence of film forming agents of different nature, plasticizer and solubilizing agent (poloxamer) and their ratio on the biopharmaceutical properties of the polymeric base of ocular insert. Polymers of both natural and semi-synthetic nature (hydroxyethylcellulose, sodium alginate, xanthan and gellan gum) were used to create the polymeric basis. Placebo inserts were formed at room temperature in open space for three days. The test of the samples was carried out according to the parameters of description, elasticity, dissolution time, humidity, which include in the State Pharmacopeia XIV, and mucohedhesion, that is an important parameter for locally administering on mucosa, although it is not regulated in official documents. The series of experiments showed the optimum concentrations and ratios of the auxiliary substances used, namely 0.5% to 2.5% for film type manufacturers, 2% for plasticizers and 0.5% for poloxamers, respectively. The formulations that showed the best performance when evaluating the parameters were - sodium alginate 2.5%, glycerin 2%, poloxamer 0.5%, water purified up to 40.0; xanthan gum 0.4%, glycerin 2%, poloxamer 0.5%, water purified up to 40.0.have a wide variation in different age categories, which requires further study. on additional samples of children in the region.