The article is devoted to the identification and systematization of theoretical and methodological approaches to the formation of the concept ‘smart region’ in Russia and abroad. The objects of the research are the processes of the sustainable spatial development of a region as a geographically-localized ecosystem of the digital economy. The subject of the research is the organizational, economic and managerial relations that arise in the process of formation and institutionalization of the concept ‘smart region’ in the management of sustainable spatial development. The authors have found that the concept ‘smart region’ is an evolutionary idea. Its main content is the creation and development of the region as competitive in the national and global aspects economic system and safe and comfortable for a person socio-territorial community, determined by a set of economic, social and environmental factors based on the implementation of modern information and communications and other technologies.
The experience of the leading countries of the world shows that the definition of strategic directions of development, as well as the formation of programs for basic research and advanced applied development, is now mainly engaged in the state in close cooperation with academic and university science, the business environment and public organizations. In countries that are focused on permanently improving the quality of life of their citizens, strengthening their competitive positions, etc., considerable attention is paid to the problem of developing their scientific and educational potential, through the creation of research and educational centers (RECs). In connection with the creation of RECs, there is a need to assess the effectiveness of their functioning. Now, there is no scientifically based methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of the RECs functioning. The article discusses the tools for evaluating scientific research that can be used to analyze the effectiveness of RECs activities. The study proposed a method for integrating indicators of the region's development potentials and indicators of the effectiveness of research and educational centers, based on a comparison of trends in the region's development potentials and the performance indicators of RECs. On the basis of the proposed methodology, an assessment of the effectiveness of the world-class REC "Innovative Solutions in the Agro-industrial Complex" was carried out, according to the results of which it is possible to judge the impact of the REC's activities on the economic development of the region.
ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ БЕЛГОРОДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ) © 2018 И.Н. Титова, старший преподаватель кафедры менеджмента и маркетинга А.С. Глотова, кандидат экономических наук, доцент кафедры экономики и моделирования производственных процессов Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет, Белгород (Россия) Ключевые слова: региональное прогнозирование; факторы социально-экономического развития; прогноз; модели; Белгородская область. Аннотация: Современный этап развития экономики требует использования научно-обоснованных экономических решений, которые повышают эффективность социально-экономического развития региона. Оценить влияние разнообразных факторов на конечный результат можно с помощью экономико-статистических методов. Их применение дает возможность провести анализ исследуемых статистических показателей, на основе полученных данных построить модель и рассчитать прогнозные значения. Экономическое прогнозирование основывается на изучении важнейших принципов экономических процессов расширенного воспроизводства. От качества построенного прогноза и успешности реализации сформулированной на его основе стратегии напрямую зависит эффективность принимаемых решений на региональном и государственном уровнях. В качестве объекта исследования была выбрана Белгородская область, активно развивающийся регион. В статье отмечено, что основным показателем, характеризующим потенциал развития региона, является валовый региональный продукт (ВРП) на душу населения. На примере Белгородской области, используя корреляционнорегрессионный анализ и метод экстраполяции, авторами были построены многофакторные модели социальноэкономического развития региона. На первом этапе исследования был произведен отбор факторов, для включения в модель. Среди множества факторов, оказывающих влияние на динамику результативного признака выявлено, что наиболее сильное воздействие оказывают доходы консолидированного бюджета и среднегодовая численность занятых в экономике. В ходе оценки адекватности построенных моделей проведен сравнительный анализ и рекомендована в качестве статистически значимой регрессионная модель степенной функции. На втором этапе построены трендовые модели и получены отдельные прогнозные значения для каждого фактора. Применение данных моделей позволило построить прогноз ВРП на душу населения с достаточно высокой степенью точности. Полученные результаты исследования свидетельствуют об устойчивом развитии Белгородской области.
The purpose of the article is to develop an algorithm for forming a forecast image of the region on a variable basis, which will allow a comprehensive analysis of the socio-economic development of the region, develop scenarios for the development of the region and evaluate each of the options, studying its structural features and possible consequences of its implementation. To achieve this goal, a comprehensive assessment of the socio-economic development of Belgorod region was carried out. On the basis of the correlation and regression analysis, the factors that have the strongest influence on the resulting indicators were identified. As such, the authors suggest using the gross regional product per capita and the average per capita income of the population. The information base of the study is the data on Belgorod region for 2000–2017. The obtained regression equations of the relationship between the proposed resulting indicators and other considered indicators are statistically significant, which gives reason to use them as predictive models and to form different variants of the region’s development: optimistic, pessimistic and realistic. This algorithm can be used as a tool for analyzing and forming a forecast image of the region on a variable basis, taking into account scenario conditions. Thus, the study focuses on the need for scenario forecasting and modeling, which take into account the influence of major external and internal factors on the development of the regional economy and allow to get forecasts that reflect alternative development options.
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