A wide range of extremely effective chemotherapy drugs has a negative effect on the cardiovascular system, leveling the success of oncological treatment. Early diagnosis of cardiotoxicity is extremely important, allowing timely application of preventive and therapeutic measures. Evaluation of the left ventricular ejection fraction using echocardiography is the basic non-invasive instrumental method for assessing cardiac function and the main guideline in diagnosing cardiac dysfunction during chemotherapy. However, if dysfunction is subclinical the ejection fraction can remain normal for a long time, and also has a pronounced inter-operator variability and dependence on volumetric load. Specialists are constantly in search of optimal echocardiographic parameters that allow diagnosing cardiac dysfunction in the early stages. Analysis of the global longitudinal deformation of the left atrium seems to be a promising method for these purposes. A large amount of accumulated data suggests that the left atrium is not just a conduit chamber, but reflects the filling pressure of the left ventricle, being a sensitive marker of its systolic and diastolic dysfunction. This review presents an analysis of currently available studies on the application of the methodology for assessing the global longitudinal deformation of the left atrium in the diagnosis of cardiac dysfunction in use of cardiotoxic drugs.

The problem of process modeling of heat supply systems operation with the appropriate of the special software is presented in the article. The purpose of the simulation is to identify the most likely and dangerous accidents, the quantitative and qualitative assessment of them, the frequency of their occurrence, the size of the damage, etc. The implementation of the solution presented in the work is already useful at present to improve the design and further operation of heat supply systems, and as a consequence also for consumers of thermal energy. The use of simulated modeling of heat supply system operation processes significantly reduces the strength calculation time, allows simulating various pipeline route configurations, performing their comparative analysis, and choosing optimal characteristics for the simulated system.

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