Topicality: The Eagle's syndrome is a disease that is caused by irritation of the nervous, vascular and muscular structures that surround the subcutaneous process of the temporal bone. A syndrome manifested by chronic pain at the deep part of the lateral region of the face, which irradiates into the root of the tongue, pharynx and ear, dysphagia, symptoms of disorders of the circulation of the brain. Symptoms of Eagle’s syndrome are found in various otolaryngological, dental, neurological diseases. Purpose of the study: determine and evaluate the most significant and distinctive X-ray signs of hypertrophied styloid processes of the temporal bone; reveal differences in growth options and X-ray structure of the styloid processes of the temporal bone in accordance with histological data; eEvaluate the effect of conservative treatment of stylohyoid syndrome depending on different growth options for the styloid process of the temporal bone, according of the data of computed tomography. Materials and methods of research: at the process of our work based on diagnostics and treatment of stylohyoid syndrome, we analyzed 86 clinical cases: 61 women and 25 men. Patients age varies from 35 till 70 years. CT images with contrasting of the great vessels of the neck and functional tests. Based on the analysis, we developed a scheme for determining the variants of the styloid process growth, based on the CT data, in relation to the data of the histological examination of the styloid processes of the patients we operated on. Results: The analysis of CT images and histological studies allows us to divide the lengthening of the styloid processes of the temporal bone into two groups, which we give the name "ossification", that is, the actual growth of the styloid process and "calcification", that is, dystrophic changes and deposits of calcium salts in the ligament. Accordingly, we are developing approaches to conservative or to surgical treatment of this pathology, taking into account the CT data, depending on the growth options of the styloid process of the temporal bone.

The Eagle's syndrome is a disease is caused by irritation of the nervous, vascular and muscular structures the surround the subcutaneous process of the temporal bone. A syndrome manifested by chronic pain at the deep part of the lateral region of the face, which irradiates in to the root of the tongue, pharynx and ear, dysphagia, symptoms of disorders of the circulation of the brain. Symptoms of Eagle’s syndrome are founding various otolaryngological, dental, neurological diseases. Aim: due to the lack of information on the development and course of the stylohyoid syndrome, conservative treatment and the complexity of diagnosis, the anatomical features of the hypertrophied styloid process, their length and angles of deviation and the need for local impact on the process, the stylohyoid ligament and the neurovascular bundle, to varying degrees presenting to the styloid process, it becomes necessary to develop the most effective and simple method for diagnosis a hypertrophied styloid process and to optimize the need for CT examination with contrasting of the great vessels of the neck and performing functional tests. Materials and methods: Over the past 9 years, we examined and treated 184 patients. The appeals were random, with no specific focus. Of these, there were 133 women (72.3%), men – 51 (27.7%); age – from 25 to 70 years old: 25-30 years old – 15 people (8.1%), 30-45 years old – 116 (63%), 45-60 years old – 38 (20.6%), 60-70 years old – 15 (8.1%); the duration of the disease is from 1 to 10-15 years. Our work was aimed at improving and simplifying the diagnosis of the hypertrophied styloid process during the initial treatment of the patient in an outpatient and polyclinic conditions using functional tests, determining the need to refer patients to CT examination to visualize the relationship of the elongated styloid process with the main vessels of the neck, the possibility of pressure of the append age on the vessels and nerves of the neck, both at rest and in the movement of the head and neck, the development of impaired blood circulation in the brain due to impaired blood flow through the arteries and impaired out flow through the veins, and the development of corresponding symptoms in addition to those described in the literature. Due to the difficulty of diagnosing hypertrophy of the styloid process of the temporal bone in an outpatient and polyclinic conditions and the lack of awareness of practical otolaryngologists about this problem, we proposed a scheme for examining patients with suspicion of this problem.

Stylohyoid syndrome is a disease caused by irritation of the surrounding nerve, vascular and muscle structures by the styloid process, located at the temporal bone. The syndrome is manifested by chronic pain in the deep part of the lateral region of the face, radiating to the root of the tongue, pharynx and ear, dysphagia, and symptoms of cerebral circulatory disorders. The purpose of the study: to develop and improve accessible, safest and not leaving pronounced cosmetic defects, methods of conservative treatment of patients with stylohyoid syndrome and prevention of the recurrence of the described symptoms in the future. Materials and methods of research: Our work was aimed at improving and simplifying the methods of conservative and surgical treatment of patients with symptoms of stylohoid syndrome, taking into account the data of CT studies with contrast and functional tests and palpation of the oropharynx, as well as using functional tests , to determine the smallest distance of the apex of the styloid process of the temporal bone to the lateral wall of the oropharynx and determine the most optimal region for the injection of a medicinal substance. The material for our research and proposals was the examination and treatment of 204 patients over a 10-year period. Of these, there were 143 women (71%), men – 61 (30%), age – from 25 to 70 years old, 25-30 years old – 21 people (8.1%), 30-45 years old – 123 (63%), 45-60 years old – 42 (20.6%), 60-70 years old – 18 (8.1%); duration of the disease – from 1 to 10-15 years. Injections into the region of the apex of the styloid process must necessarily be supplemented with drug therapy. Out of 204 patients, the success of treatment at 0 points (no complaints) was assessed by 96 people (47%), at 1 point – by 64 (31.4%), at 2-3 points – by 31 (15.1%), at 4-5 points (that is, no significant effect of the treatment was achieved) – 13 (6.4%). Everyone who had a treatment result of 4-5 points was offered a surgical method of treatment – resection of the styloid process from the corresponding side.

The Eagle’s syndrome is a disease that is caused by irritation of the nervous, vascular and muscular structures that surround the subcutaneous process of the temporal bone. A syndrome manifested by chronic pain at the deeppart of the lateral region of the face, which irradiates into the root of the tongue, pharynx and ear, dysphagia, symptoms of disorders of the circulation of the brain. Symptoms of Eagle’s syndrome are found in various otolaryngological, dental, neurological diseases. Purpose of the study: identify and evaluate the most significant histologic features of hypertrophied styloid processes of the temporal bone; identify differences in variants of their growth, according to histological differences; to estimate influence of conservative therapy, that prior to the surgical treatment, to the histological structure of the subulate processes. Materials and methods: at the course of our work based on the diagnosis and treatment of the Eagle’s syndrome, we performed 32 operations for resection of the styloid processes of the temporal bone, despite the ineffectiveness of conservative treatment. All fragments of there moved styloid processes of the temporal bone were sent to histological examination. The performed histological researches al low at present conditionally, according to a small number of the examined patients, to carry out classification of the styloid processes of the temporal bone into two groups. Give names to groups: “ossification”, i.e. the actual growth of the styloid process and “calcification”, i.e. dystrophic changes due to the deposition of calcium salts. Accordingly, we are developing approaches to conservative or surgical treatments of this pathology.

Aim: currently clarification of the course characteristics, diagnosis and treatment principles of tuberculosis otitis media. Materials and methods: The study included 6 cases (8 ears) of tuberculosis otitis media and mastoid process from 2015 to 2020. Clinical, radiological, bacteriological, pathomorphological studies were used for diagnostics. Results: Primary localization of tuberculosis in the middle ear was found in 2 patients. In 4 patients tuberculosis middle otitis associated with lung affection. The disease manifested in the form of purulent perforated otitis media with a polymorphic otoscopic picture in all examined patients. The terms of the diagnosis were from 6 months to 1.5 years since the onset of the disease. This indicates the complexity of diagnosing the tuberculous etiology of the middle ear disease.