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As a result of four-year research, the patterns of soil processes development depending on the parameters of reclamation load were established. It was established that at the end of vegetation season irrigation of crops with water with high mineralization leads to deterioration of soil structure, where the largest amount of aggregates >10 mm (42.67%) was observed during disk tillage (a similar trend was observed for aggregates <0.25 mm). On average, during 2016-2019, under the influence of irrigation, the transformation of the ionic composition of the aqueous extract led to a change in the chemistry of salinity from sodium chloride-sulfate to calcium-sodium sulfate in all variants, regardless of the studied factors. The most favorable conditions for the formation of the yield in the experiment were created under a differentiated system of tillage with one split for crop rotation and with the introduction of increased doses of fertilizers, which per 1 ha of crop rotation area provided the highest productivity, which was for corn 15.49 t/ha, sorghum - 8.72 t/ha, wheat winter - 7.07 t/ha, and only for soybeans the best conditions this year were created for 1 option - 4.27 t/ha. The highest level of profitability from 1 ha of crop rotation area was obtained for the average fertilization background 2 (N120P52,5 ) for differentiated tillage - 199%, while for other tillage systems and fertilizer doses it decreased to 33-189%.

The most important element in the development of the irrigation regime of agricultural crops is the total water consumption or/and the amount of water that plants need during the growing season to obtain the planned crop in specific natural conditions while optimising all technological processes. The purpose of the study is to determine the features of total water consumption and average daily evaporation of winter wheat plants depending on the natural moisture supply of growing years, irrigation regimes, and groundwater level in the irrigation zone of southern Ukraine. In the course of the study, generally accepted methods were used: system approach and systems analysis, monographic, analysis and synthesis, abstract-logical, historical, field research, statistical and economic-mathematical, etc. The highest indicators of total water consumption were observed in the average weather conditions and amounted to 4,263 m3 /ha in the 2-metre layer of soil, in wet years characterised by moderate temperatures, high humidity, and a considerable number of days with precipitation, the average water consumption from this soil layer was 3,993 m3 /ha. In dry years, which were characterised by hot weather with low humidity and low precipitation, the total water consumption was the lowest and amounted to 3685 m3 /ha. The reduction of the growing season occurs in late June – early July when high air temperatures and low humidity are observed, which is the main reason for the decrease in the total water consumption of irrigated winter wheat. Analysis of data on the use of moisture from different soil layers indicates that during the autumn growing season and during the wintering of plants water reserves in the deep layers are replenished. In general, during the growing season of winter wheat, considering the winter period, the field of this crop consumes an average of 5.2 thousand m³ of water during irrigation over 12 years. Observation of the average daily evaporation of winter wheat plants in conditions of natural and artificial irrigation indicates that it has the form of a parabola, the maximum mark of which falls on the interphase period of earing – the beginning of milky ripeness of grain