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The study is devoted to the research of identification of characteristics and patterns of development of metacognitive processes and personal qualities of management activity during professionalization. Hypothesis of the existence of a direct connection between the level of professionalization of the subject and the degree of coherence of the structural organization of the main metacognitive parameters was verified in this study. Using diagnostic and experimental techniques of the study of metacognitive processes and qualities (G. Shraw, R. Dennison, M. Grant, D. LaCosta, R. Dixon, S. Haltch, D. Everson, Z. Tobias), in combination with the author’s methods of structural-psychological analysis, in particular method for determining structural indices of the matrices of intercorrelations, we discovered and interpreted new features and regularities of dynamics of development of metacognitive processes and personality traits in the course of professionalization. It is revealed that professiogenetic restructuring of the parameters of the cognitive sphere are carried out simultaneously on two complementary levels (analytical and structural), and the most important transformations take place at the structural level. In the course of professionalization, the integrativity of basic metacognitive parameters significantly increases alongышву with reduction of their divergence (differentiation). We substantiates the position, according to which mechanisms of the integration plan and resulting synergistic effects, leading to expansion of cognitive and metacognitive potential of the subject, are the main tool of discovered transformations.

This article discusses some key methodological and theoretical issues of the fundamental, common psychological problem of abilities. It shows that there is a lack of modern ideas about the content of the subject matter of the psychology of abilities and, therefore, a need for enrichment. In this conceptual expansion it is necessary to differentiate a special, qualitatively specific class of abilities-the integral abilities of the individual. All these abilities are differentiated on the basis of the most promising paradigm in the development of the ability problem-the functional-genetic paradigm-and are related to one of the basic classes of mental processes-the integral mental processes (goal formation, anticipation, decision making, programming, prognosis, planning, control, self-control). In the article a detailed psychological characteristic of the basic integral abilities is presented, as a result of which the correspondence of these abilities to all features and criteria of abilities as such is proved. The necessity of using the structural-level approach in relation to the ability problem is shown, and a holistic, generalized hierarchy of the basic ability classes is proposed. This hierarchy has three main levels. At the highest level the general abilities are located; at the basic level are the specific abilities of a person. The integral abilities are located between these two levels and thus form a mesolevel in the general hierarchical organization of the abilities of the individual.

The relationship of consciousness to the reflexive processes is one of the fundamental problems in psychology. To date, however, many important aspects of this problem remain poorly understood. This article attempts a theoretical study of this problem. The subject of research is the interconnection between consciousness and reflexive processes and also the structure of these processes. This study presents theoretical and empirical materials revealing the interrelatedness of these two fundamental subjects of psychological research. In connection with this issue, I introduce a new methodology for psychological research, which I refer to as the metasystem approach. This approach is grounded in the claim that reflection is the basic procedural means of consciousness and is based on a heterarchical principle. This article proposes a new structural, polyprocess method for reveaing the psychological nature of reflection and the contents of reflexive processes. I propose a new explanation for the basic properties of the psyche that underlie consciousness: self-sensitiveness (sensitivity to oneself). I theoretically prove the following proposition: reflection has a fundamental heterogeneity because its processes are localized on completely different hierarchical cognitive levels of personality. In addition, I show that in the structural organization of reflection as an integral process in relation to other ("secondary, " metacognitive) processes, another basic principle is involved-the principle of hierarchy. The property of reflexivity (and the process of reflection as a procedural manifestation of this property) should be understood as a species in relation to the more common attribute inherent in the psyche: self-sensitiveness. Elementary manifestations of this property have been observed for the simplest sensory processes.

Исследуется проблема детерминационного влияния мотивации на структурные характеристи-ки организации когнитивной сферы. Верифицируется гипотеза о существовании прямой связи между уровнем мотивации и степенью когерентности структурной организации когнитивных па-раметров в процессе решения экспериментальных задач. Выборка испытуемых -100 человек: 44 -мужского пола и 56 -женского; возраст -от 19 до 40 лет, русские. Использованы диагностиче-ские методики исследования интеллекта (Д. Векслер; Р. Амтхауэр) в сочетании с авторскими мето-диками структурно-психологического анализа, в частности, методом определения структурных ин-дексов матриц интеркорреляций. Выявлено и проинтерпретировано наличие прямой значимой (р = 0,05) связи между степенью мотивации и уровнем когерентности структуры когнитивных пара-метров личности. Полученные результаты проинтерпретированы с точки зрения представлений об информационно-энергетических взаимодействиях, а также с позиции о синергетических эффектах как результативных эффектах средств системной организации когнитивной сферы.Ключевые слова: мотивация, когнитивные характеристики, структура интеллекта, степень моти-вации, когерентность, структурная организация, синергетические эффекты. Постановка проблемы исследованияВ рамках разработанной нами ранее структурно-генетической концепции мотивации учебной деятельности был предложен и реализован один из вариантов общеметодологи-ческого принципа системного подхода -метасистемный подход (Карпова, 2007; Карпов, 2011). Согласно ему, одним из обязательных требований к организации и проведению ис-следований, а также к интерпретации получаемых на его основе данных является реали-зация определенной последовательности основных аспектов изучения -онтологическо-го, структурного, функционального, генетического и интегративного. В ряде выполненных на его основе исследований были подробно рассмотрены соответственно онтологический, структурный и генетический аспекты (см. обзор: Карпова, 2007). Вместе с тем, до настоя-щего времени еще один важнейший аспект -функциональный -остается недостаточно рас- Для цитаты:Карпов А. В., Карпова Е. В. Экспериментальное исследование взаимосвязи интенсивности мотивации и структурной организации когнитивной сферы личности // Экспериментальная психология. 2016. Т. 9.