Introduction: Considered a medical burden due to financial high consumption and leading to human losses the preventable congenital malformation determined by the TORCH system is still encountered in our activity. Purpose: Infant mortality is considered an important medical problem for all countries. Romania has been ranked first in Europe at infant mortality for many years in a row. Looking for strategies to decrease these results is our main purpose. Material and Method: This study was conducted in the Pediatric Department of the Clinical County Hospital of Constanta. Through a 5-year-period (March 2015- March 2020) 21 patients, aged 1-12 months were retrospectively analyzed. Results: According to seroprevalence distribution we gathered CMV - 9 cases, syphilis -7 cases, Hepatitis B -2 cases, congenital rubella -1 case, toxoplasmosis and HIV- 1 case each. As we can notice the higher incidence is determined by cytomegalovirus (CMV), followed by congenital syphilis and hepatitis B virus. Main complains at admission were fever (33,6%), lymphadenopathy (22,6%), seizures (12%), respiratory distress (2.5%), jaundice (5,3%), vomiting (1%), growth deficit (26%), microcephaly (4.3%), rash (15,3%). After the initial physical exam and complementary investigations, it was determined that 38% of the cases had severe neurological impairment. 25.6% were diagnosed with epilepsy. 78.5% were born preterm, and more than half were secondary to CMV infection. Conclusion: TORCH complex has in important impact on mothers as well as on newborns and later it could affect the future adult life and health.

The international main goal is to reduce mother-to-child HIV transmission. The appropriate birth delivery for seropositive woman has been analyzed since the beginning of the twenty-first century. Although at the beginning of HIV pandemic delivery by caesarian section (C-section) was considered mandatory in many studies and meta-analyses, recent information reveal limited benefits. Mother-to-child transmission is higher when mothers are diagnosed late during pregnancy, in advanced stages with a high HIV viral load, and labor with membranes ruptured for more than 4 h, especially when the antiretroviral treatment is not respected. During vaginal delivery, the risk of HIV transmitting to infant is due to microtransfusions during uterine contractions or by newborn exposure to cervicovaginal secretions or blood. Although the indication of C-section in HIV-positive women is controversial, there are some situations in which C-section remains mandatory. In mothers diagnosed late during pregnancy, in situation in which HIV viral load is not affordable in real time in the last trimester of pregnancy, and in mothers with poor adherence to antiretroviral treatment, C-section remains one of the most important measures of prevention for HIV mother-to-child transmission.