Supramolecular assemblies between a series of novel gemini amphiphiles (BisImC17Cn) and TPPS (tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphine) at the air/water interface were investigated. It was found that the gemini amphiphiles could form stable complex monolayers at the air/water interface with TPPS through electrostatic interaction and π−π stacking. There is an inflection point in each of the surface pressure−area isotherms of the complex monolayers. At a certain pH value of the subphase, TPPS could complex with the gemini amphiphiles as a J-aggregate. AFM measurements revealed that nanofibers were formed in the transferred films onto solid substrates by a horizontal lifting method. Interestingly, all the complex films containing the J-aggregate of TPPS showed CD signals in the J-band although both of the amphiphiles and TPPS were achiral. Helical stacking of the TPPS underneath the gemini monolayers was suggested to be responsible for the supramolecular chirality of the multilayer films. The spacers in the gemini amphiphiles have great influence on the chirality of the system. For the film transferred at a surface pressure below the inflection point, the CD signals showed splitting only when the spacer length is larger than four methylene units. The films transferred at the surface pressure above the inflection points showed splitting CD signals of the Soret band of J-aggregates, which could be ascribed to the interaction between the J-aggregates. Moreover, for the film transferred above the inflection points, the CD intensity of the films decreased when the spacer length of the gemini amphiphile increased. It is further observed that many properties such as the width and thickness of the formed nanofibers showed a turning point at a spacer length of six methylene units. A mechanism including the convex of the spacers when they were larger than six methylenes was proposed.

A novel broadband monopole antenna design with wideband circular polarization (CP) characteristic is presented. This antenna consists of a feed line and a step-shaped ground plane which is formed by cutting a notch in the upper left corner of an asymmetric ground plane. The asymmetric ground plane is capable of exciting two orthogonal electric field vectors with equal amplitude and 90 • phase difference (PD) for CP. By cutting a notch, the 10-dB impedancebandwidth can be enhanced greatly and the 3-dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth is also improved meanwhile. The measured impedancebandwidth is about 5.96 GHz (84.7%) from 4.06 to 10.02 GHz, and the measured AR-bandwidth is about 2.64 GHz (36.5%) from 5.91 to 8.55 GHz. The results show that the antenna can achieve wide impedance-bandwidth and wide AR-bandwidth simultaneously.

Novel carbon nanocages (CNCs) with various pore structures were produced at different temperatures and were subsequently deposited with Pt particles by a simple liquid reduction method with chloroplatinic acid as the Pt source and ethylene glycol as the reducing agent. The chloroplatinic acid was separately dropped and induced an excellent Pt particle distribution with small size. The electrocatalytical activity of the CNCs with Pt loadings was analyzed by cyclic voltammograms (CVs) in H2SO4 and H2SO4/CH3OH solutions. Excellent electrocatalytical activity was presented compared with the commercial Pt/C catalyst. The specific surface area (SSA) and graphitic structure played an important role on the electrochemical activity. The Pt/CNCs catalyst with CNCs fabricated at 900 °C possesses not only good catalytic characteristics but also high economic yield.