Background: Tablet splitting is commonly used in clinical practice as a way to attain a desired drug dose and/or reduce its side effects, particularly among paediatricians and psychiatrists. However, uneven tablet scoring can lead to significant fluctuations of the administered doses, where subpotency or superpotency of drugs might harm the patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of tablet splitting on dose uniformity of diazepam by the utilisation of Ph. Eur. 9.0 and FDA recommendations. Methods: Mass variation of whole and half-tablets in parallel with the determination of their content uniformity were performed according to the pharmacopoeial methods. The weight loss after tablet splitting was assessed by employing FDA guidelines. It was also investigated if tablet splitting influenced the in vitro dissolution properties of diazepam tablets. Results: Diazepam whole tablets fulfilled the pharmacopoeial requirements in regard to all the investigated properties. The weight uniformity of scored diazepam tablets ranged from 63.80% to 122.55% label claim. The losses of mass after splitting diazepam tablets were 5.71%. Despite the average content of diazepam in half-tablets was found to be 104.24% label claim, the requirements of Ph. Eur. were not fulfilled. Diazepam content in half-tablets ranged from 0.76 mg to 1.21 mg, thus, patients might receive doses that vary by as much as 45%. However, after weight adjustment, diazepam content in each of the tested half-tablets was in the range of 85-115% of the average drug content meeting the Ph. Eur. criteria. Dissolution profiles of whole and half-tablets were found to be similar, following the Hixson-Crowell kinetic model. Conclusion: According to the results, splitting of diazepam tablets greatly influenced the drug content in the obtained parts, ie the dose accuracy was fully dependent of the ability to score the tablet into exactly equal halves.

Dry eye syndrome and allergic conjunctivitis are the most common inflammatory disorders of the eye surface. Although eye drops are the most usual prescribed dosage form, they are characterized by low ocular availability due to numerous barrier mechanisms of the eye. The use of biopolymers in liquid ophthalmic preparations has numerous advantages, such as increasing the viscosity of the tear film, exhibiting bioadhesive properties, and resisting the drainage system, leading to prolonged retention of the preparation at the site of application, and improvement of the therapeutic effect. Some mucoadhesive polymers are multifunctional excipients, so they act by different mechanisms on increasing the permeability of the cornea. Additionally, many hydrophilic biopolymers can also represent the active substances in artificial tear preparations, due to their lubrication and moisturizing effect. With the modification of conventional ophthalmic preparations, there is a need for development of new methods for their characterization. Numerous methods for the assessment of mucoadhesiveness have been suggested by the literature. This review gives an overview related to the development of mucoadhesive liquid ophthalmic formulations for the treatment of dry eye and allergic conditions.

Inheritance law is a set of legal norms that regulate the property and legal relations of the testator after his death. The fact of death has haunted all social communities for centuries. The loss of a family member affected community members (family) both emotionally and property-wise. After the death of the testator, his property and legal assets remain, the significance of which is reflected on the heirs as well as on third parties, but also on the state as a successor in case of absence of the heirs. The paper deals with the legal regulation of two legal institutes: the contract on lifetime support and the contract on assignment and distribution for life. The paper follows their legislation with reference to certain issues of practice, legal and ethical dilemmas, and in the very conclusion, in parallel with the legal analysis of these two institutes, which by all their characteristics are characterized as legal obligations. These two contracts are the rights of business that have been present in social systems for centuries, their existence and significance have been minimized, and only in modern times have their legal regulations been obtained. Guided by the fact that they are "new" legal institutes, as well as by the fact that the practice, especially during the 90s of the last century, indicated and showed that these first two institutes are suitable for abuse of legislation, the paper addressed the issues of who and when can be a contracting party. , what are the prejudices of the contract, as well as the circumstances when and why they can be null and void, disputed in court or terminated. Man was born manipulative and easy, and the law, and the law, the state and the entire legal system are there to channel it and sanction bad motives, in order to realize an orderly democratic social system, and thus preserve the family as the basic cell of society.

Ambroxol hydrochloride (AMB), (1s,4s)-4-((2-amino-3,5-dibromocyclohexyl)methylamino) cyclohexanol hydrochloride, is semi - synthetic derivative of vasicine obtained from Indian shrub Adhatoda vasica. It is a metabolic product of bromhexin and it is used as broncho secretolytic and an expectorant drug. Analysis of Flavamed® tablets, in which ambroxol hydrochloride (AMB) is an active component, was performed. UV/VIS spectrophotometry and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) were used. Direct and indirect UV/VIS spectrophotometric methods were used for quantitative analysis of AMB and the following recovery value results were obtained: 100,16% and 95,23%, successively. Content of heavy metals in Flavamed® tablets was determined by atomic absorption spetroscopy.

The aim of this study was to compare the dissolution properties of ibuprofen solid oral dosage forms commercially available in Bosnia and Herzegovina and to estimate the influence of dissolution medium composition on the drug release. Eight products (A-H) were subjected to in vitro dissolution test using experimental conditions described in USP42-NF37. Dissolution properties of one selected product were examined in the presence of alcohol (22.2% v/v) and fruit juice (22.2% v/v). Products marked B-H complied with the pharmacopeial criteria. Dissolution profile of product B was similar with dissolution profiles of products D, E, F and G and similarity was also found between products A-D, C-G, D-G and E-F. Drug release from most of the examined preparations fitted best to the Weibull kinetic model. In the presence of alcohol in the medium, higher amount of ibuprofen was dissolved. Contrary, ibuprofen dissolved in the presence of fruit juice was significantly lower. Differences in the dissolution profiles of investigated preparations suggest that their interchangeability should be additionally considered and demonstrated with in vivo bioequivalence studies. Presence of different substances in the medium can affect dissolution properties of ibuprofen, emphasizing the importance of the patient's compliance.