Twenty patients with acute traumatic hand injury were interviewed 8-20 days after the day of the accident. The aim of the study was to identify coping strategies, defined as thoughts or actions used by the hand-injured patients to manage stress factors and resulting emotions in the early stage. Stress factors were reported in an earlier study. The analyses of the interviews followed the first steps in the analytical process described in a modified model of grounded theory. Eleven different coping strategies were identified in the interviews. By "comparing with something worse", "positive thinking", "relying on personal capacity", "distancing" and "distracting attention" the patients tried to play down the seriousness of the problem or situation. Other coping strategies used by the hand-injured were "accepting the situation", "seeking social support", "maintaining control", "solving practical problems by oneself", "pain-relieving actions" and "active processing of the trauma experience." The findings of the study show how important it is to identify the patient's own way of coping with a stressful illness situation in order to give adequate psychosocial support.

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The aim of the study reported in this paper was to identify stress factors in the early stage of acute traumatic hand injury. Stress factors were defined as circumstances which the hand-injured patients experienced as problems in the actual situation. A total of 20 patients, treated as inpatients at the Department of Hand Surgery in Orebro Medical Centre Hospital, Sweden, were interviewed 8-20 days after the day of the accident. The analyses of the interviews followed the first step in the analytical process described in a modified model of grounded theory. The trauma experience was one of the stress factors in the early stage. Single acute traumatic stress symptoms, mostly involuntary recollection and re-experience of the trauma, were found in a fourth of the hand-injured patients. All patients reported impaired functioning caused by their hand, irrespective of injury. Practical problems with daily activities and being dependent on help from others for solving practical problems were stress factors caused by functional impairment. Before the accident most of the hand-injured had been very active, also working a lot with their hands in their leisure-time. Involuntary inactivity was a big problem for some of them. Other stress factors in the early stage were uncertainty about function in the future and pain. The appearance of the hand was a minor problem before the first follow-up visit. Probably because the hand was hidden in a bandage. However, some hand-injured felt discomfort in seeing the hand when the dressing was changed at the first follow-up visit.

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