ResumoArgilas para o processo de clarificação são largamente utilizadas na indústria de rerrefino de óleos lubrificantes usados, principalmente por sua capacidade adsorvente de reter impurezas. O presente estudo teve objetivo de determinar as condições ótimas do processo de clarificação de lubrificantes usados a partir de argilas naturais e realizar a recuperação de tais argilas. O processo de rerrefino do lubrificante usado foi otimizado a partir de um planejamento experimental. As argilas recuperadas não apresentaram mudanças significativas em suas estruturas originais, de acordo com as técnicas de difração de raios X, espectroscopia no infravermelho e análise termogravimétrica. Os resultados das caracterizações dos lubrificantes atenderam a portaria ANP nº 130, que regulamenta sua comercialização no país. Todos os solventes foram recuperados por destilação a vácuo. Palavras-chave: clarificação, lubrificante automotivo, argila natural.
AbstractClarification process using clays is widely used in the used lubricating oils re-refining industry, mainly because of its adsorbent capacity to retain impurities. This study aimed to the determination of optimal conditions for used lubricating oil clarification process, using natural clays as well as its recovery to be re-used to the process. The re-refining process of used lubricating oil was optimized from experimental design. Recovered clays showed no significant changes in their original structures, according to the X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analyzes. The results of used lubricating oil characterizations were in accordance to the ANP resolution n o 130, which regulates its commercialization in the country. All solvents were recovered by vacuum distillation.
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