Objective To develop and validate a risk score model for recognizing prediabetes among Indonesian adults in primary care. Methods This was a cross-sectional diagnostic study. After excluding subjects with diabetes from Indonesian National Basic Health Survey (INBHS) data set, 21,720 subjects who have completed fasting plasma glucose test and aged >18 years were selected for development stage. About 6,933 subjects were selected randomly from INBHS for validation stage in different diagnostic criteria of prediabetes-based random plasma glucose. Logistic regression was used to determine significant diagnostic variable and the receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to calculate area under the curve (AUC), cutoff point, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values. Results Age, sex, education level, family history of diabetes, smoking habit, physical activity, body mass index, and hypertension were significant variables for Indonesian Prediabetes Risk Score (INA-PRISC). The scoring range from 0 to 24, the AUC was 0.623 (95% CI 0.616–0.631) and cutoff point of 12 yielded sensitivity/specificity (50.03%/67.19%, respectively). The validation study showed the AUC was 0.646 (95% CI 0.623–0.669) and cutoff point of 12 yielded sensitivity/specificity (55.11%/65.81%, respectively). Conclusion INA-PRISC, which consists of eight demographical and clinical variables, is a valid and a simple prediabetes risk score in primary care.

Pregnancy anxiety is a common problem with a prevalence of 14-54% and is the highest in the third trimester. Pregnancy anxiety is associated with neurotransmitter dysregulation and endocrine changes in the Hypothalamus Pituitary Adrenal (HPA) axis pathway through the increase of synthesis and the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) and cortisol to suppress endorphin hormone production. This study aims to determine the relationship of endorphin hormone levels to pregnancy anxiety. This study was an observational study using a cross-sectional approach to 57 pregnant women. The anxiety level was measured by using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and the ELISA kit with plasma specimens was employed to examine the endorphin hormone levels. The results showed that endorphin hormone levels acted as predictors of pregnancy anxiety (p = 0,000). Keywords: Anxiety, Pregnancy, Endorphin

ABSTRAKKanker prostat terjadi ketika sel-sel prostat tumbuh lebih cepat daripada kondisi normal sehingga membentuk benjolan atau tumor yang memiliki keganasan.Kanker ini terjadi pada pria terutama yang berusia di atas 65 tahun. Kanker prostat merupakan penyebab kematian akibat kanker No 3 pada pria dan merupakan penyebab utama kematin akibat kanker pada pria diatas 74 tahun. Kanker prostat jarang ditemukan pada pria berusia kurang dari 40 tahun. Seperti halnya kanker lain, penyebab kanker prostat tidak diketahui, usia lanjut, faktor keturunan, ras, dan paparan logam cadminum menjadi pemicu kanker ini. Pertumbuhan kanker prostat seringkali sangat lambat, bisa tidak menimbulkan gejala selama bertahuntahun.Dengan semakin membesarnya kanker, keluhan mulai muncul karena desakan pada uretra menimbulkan iritasi atau menyumbat aliran air seni. Biasanya kanker prostat berkembang secara perlahan dan tidak menimbulkan gejala sampai kanker telah mencapai stadium lanjut.Kadang gejalanya menyerupai BPH, yaitu berupa kesulitan dalam berkemih dan sering berkemih. Gejala tersebut timbul karena kanker menyebabkan penyumbatan parsial pada aliran air kemih melalui uretra. Kanker prostat bisa menyebabkan air kemih berwarna merah (karena mengandung darah) atau menyebabkan terjadinya penahanan air kemih mendadak. Setelah kanker menyebar, biasanya penderita akan mengalami anemia. Kanker prostat juga bisa menyebar ke otak dan menyebabkan kejang serta gejala mental atau neurologis lainnya.

The total number of maternal and child mortality in Indonesia annually has not yet reached the target set by World Health Organization. This figure is influenced by maternal compliance to perform antenatal care checks. The research aimed to investigate the behavior patterns of seeking help for pregnant and giving birth during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research design was observational with a cross-sectional study design. The population in this study was selected using the consecutive sampling method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Within this approach, 51 samples were obtained in Gowa Regency, to whom questionnaires were distributed to get further data. As seen from the research results, 50 samples (98%) performed antenatal care checks every month, while only 1 sample (2%) did not do antenatal care checks regularly every month. Regarding mothers' knowledge of the Covid-19 pandemic, the data revealed that 33 samples had sufficient knowledge, 7 samples had good knowledge, and the rest, 11 samples, had less knowledge related to such a case. The pattern of care-seeking behavior of pregnant and giving-birth mothers during the pandemic has not changed from the period before the pandemic and pregnant women still routinely check their pregnancy every month.

Balut bidai training aims to minimize the impact that can occur so that every lay person can help if they find victims who have an accident.The research aimed to analyze to what extent the effect of the splint wrap training using the watching video method on the fracture management knowledge of the Youth Red Cross members. This was the qualitative research with the one group pretest posttest design method with the samples of 70 students of YRC members. The samples were selected using the non-probability sampling technique with the purposive sampling approach. The date were analyzed using T-Test. The research result indicates that there is no significant difference concerning the knowledge level between the simulation group and video group (? = 0.063), whereas on the skill level, there is the significant difference between the simulation group and video group (? = 0.000). Thus, it can be concluded that the training using the video method can improve the fracture management knowledge fester than the training using the simulation method, so that it is expected that the training using the video method can be utilized for almost all topics, and every cognitive, affective, psychomotoric and interpersonal domain.