Flying fish is an important economic fish that many hunted fishermen, especially their roes. As a result, flying fish populations in the Makassar Strait was already experience high exploitation pressures. Gill nets were the dominant fishing gear with the net mesh size were varying depending on the season. The study aimed to compare the capture capability of gill nets with three different mesh sizes. The study used a field experimental approach to obtain gill nets selectivity on flying fish catch. Variables observed include different net mesh sizes (1, 1.25, and 1.5- inches), number, weight, and a fork length of flying fish catches. Data were analyzed using variance tests to compare treatments. The fish catch data shows that the highest fish catches were 1.25-inch, and the rest 1 inches and 1.5 inches. The results of the statistical test show that the number of catch fish is highly significant different (P<0.05) on the mesh size of 1-inch, 1.25- inches, and 1.5- inches. There was an indication that flying fishes getting smaller, which is indicated by most of the fish catches, pass the length at the first maturity size. Gillnet of 1.25-inch mesh size should be used to maintain the sustainability of the flying fish population.

The decree of the Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries No. 2 of 2015 has disturbed many fishermen in Indonesia, including Scottish seine fishermen. In that decree, the government concludes that the Scottish seine is not selective in catching fish and tends to disrupt the sustainability of small pelagic fish resources. This study aimed to analyse the biological aspects of fish caught with Scottish seine nets during the west monsoon season in the waters of Mamuju, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The study was carried out from January to March 2016 with a case study of 1 unit during 30 fishing trips. The data collected included the type of fish caught, the weight and length of each fish by species. Data on fish taxa and size were analysed graphically and descriptively. The composition of the fish caught during the study was: shortfin scads (38%), bigeye scads (18%), sardines (14%), mackerel tuna (9%), Indian mackerel (7%), torpedo scads (6%), white trevally (3%), and other species (5 %). The length of shortfin scads, bigeye scads, sardinella, and mackerel tuna ranged from 9.9 - 18.2 cm; 8.5 - 19.5 cm; 10 - 12.5 cm; and 10-15 cm, respectively. In general, the fish caught were still classified as immature and not suitable for capture. To support sustainable fishing, it is necessary to limit fishing in the period from January to March.

Catching flying fish in Sendana Majene Subdistrict is carried out continuously with gill nets 1-1.5 inches. The catch of flying fish is mostly still young fish (not yet worth catching). The demand for flying fish is quite high due to the existence of special stalls of smoke fly fish around fishing settlements. Apart from smoke flying fish, dried flying fish are also sold as souvenirs. Therefore, fishermen will continue to increase production. Various results of research and field observations show that gill net is able to catch flying fish well but the size of fish caught is dominated by young fish. The effort to increase the net mesh size to 1.5 inches resulted in the diminishing number of young flying fish. Catching flying fish in Majene waters is generally carried out with drifting gill nets with mesh sizes of 1 and 1.25 inches which are very intensive every fishing season while L50 (11.92 cm) and Lm (13.59 cm) for 1 inch more net mesh size were smaller compared to the length of the first gonad maturity, in this case most of the catch is still classified as young fish (Palo, 2009). Partners are a group of flying fish fishermen. Partner problems, flying fish production is getting smaller, group capacity is not strong and group management is still weak. Partners have not been able to obtain assistance facilities from various community empowerment programs carried out by the government. The approach to be used in this service includes: identification, observation, counseling, demonstration, construction, application, assistance, field observation and evaluation monitoring. Indicators of the success of activities are measured based on the results of the application of technology compared to the results of fishing gear commonly used by fishermen. Implementation of service includes counseling, construction of fishing gear, fishing operations and assistance has been going well. The size of 1.5-inch mesh is only able to catch flying fish in a limited amount, while the size of the 1.25-inch mesh can catch flying fish in relatively large numbers. Flying fish caught with 1.25-inch mesh size has passed the size of the first gonad mature so that it supports sustainable fisheries.

Research on Scottish Seine Net Modification of cod-end was conducted to analyze the catch. This research was carried out in the western coastal waters of Majene Regency, West Sulawesi, following the fishing operation of one unit of Scottish Seine Net, which had modified its fishing gear. The study results found ten species of fish caught with a total catch of 115.4 kg. The four most caught species were Indian scad 46.5 kg, mackerel tuna 21.5 kg, skipjack tuna 19.2 kg, rainbow runner 17.8 kg, and six other species 10.4 kg. The total catch was 115.4 kg consisting of 1753 individuals, with the composition of the species of catch consisting of Indian scad (Decapterus russelli) 56.7%, Bigeye scad (Selar crumenophthalmus) 22.6%, skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) 9.9%, Mackerel tuna (Euthynnus affinis) 3.1% and the other six species 7.7%. The four most common catch species are the Indian scad, 7.3-25.8 cm. Bigeye scad, 6.5-20.5 cm. Skipjack tuna, 10.8-25.5 cm. And Mackerel tuna, 14.5-45.1 cm. Indian scad as the catch with the highest composition caught 62.7% were suitable for catching.