Abstrak. Kacang tanah menduduki urutan kedua tanaman kacang - kacangan setelah kedelai dalam segi ekonomi. Sehingga berpotensi untuk dikembangkan karena memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi dan peluang pasar yang cukup besar. Namun, Ekstensifikasi lahan untuk tanaman pangan saat ini mengalami kendala karena terbatasnya lahan produktif. Usaha dalam menjaga ekstensifikasi lahan itu adalah dengan perluasan ke lahan kering. Penggunaan biochar dan pupuk kandang sebagai suatu pilihan dalam pengelolaan tanah untuk tujuan pemulihan dan peningkatan kualitas kesuburan tanah terdegradasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian biochar dan pupuk kandang terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kacang tanah, serta interaksi antara keduanya terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kacang tanah. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di kebun Campus Experimental Site The ACIAR Project Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam, Banda Aceh. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan dari Mei sampai September 2017. Rancangan percobaan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial 3 x 3 dengan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biochar berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah bintil akar. Hasil terbaik dijumpai pada pemberian biochar 5 ton ha-1. Pemberian pupuk kandang berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah bintil akar. Hasil terbaik dijumpai pada pemberian pupuk kandang 2,5 ton ha-1. The Effect of Biochar and Cow Manure Application on root length and root nodule of Peanut (Arachis hypogeae L.) Abstrack. Peanut has role as second-most productive soybean in economical aspect. Hence, it is potential to be developed and has high economic value and opportunity in agriculture. However, extensification of area for crops recently has prevention due to limited productive area. The way to effort the extensification is to expand the crops to the dry land area. Use of cow manure and biochar is solution in managing agricultural land area in order to recover and develop quality of degradated fertile soil. The purpose of study is to find out the affect and interaction between biochar and cow manure use toward growth and production of peanut. This research was conducted at Campus Experimental Site of ACIAR Project in Syiah Kuala University. The study was done from May to September in 2017. Experimental design used in this research was a randomized block design whose size was 3 x 3 factorial patterns with three repetitions. The study results that biochar influences the amount of nodules. The best finding of this study was on treatment of 5 ton ha-1 of biochar. In the other hand, the treatment of cow manure has influence on the amount of nodules. The best result of this context was found on treatment of 2,5 ton ha-1 of cow manure. Besides, there is interaction between biochar and cow manure treatment.
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