Probiotik adalah salah satu feed Additif yang di dalamya terkandung sebuah mikroorganisme yang memiliki fungsi dalam mengontrol komposisi bakteri dalam menekan jumlah bakteri merugikan dalam saluran pencernaan agar mampu menambah nilai daya cerna serta penyerapan nutrisi yang ada di saluran pencernaan pada unggas. Penelitian ini dilakukan agar dapat mengetahui profil organ dalam ayam broiler dengan pemberian probiotik Effective Microorganism-4 (EM-4) di dalam air minumnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan jumlah Perlakuan sebanyak 4 dan ulangan sebanyak 3 kali, tiap unit terdiri dari 3 ekor ayam sehingga total ayam yang dipergunakan yaitu 36 ekor. Adapun perlakuan yang diberikan adalah yaitu P0= Ransum tanpa probiotik (Perlakuan Kontrol), P1= Ransum + EM4 1 ml/ liter air minum/ hari, P2= Ransum + EM4 1,5 ml/ liter air minum/ hari, P3= Ransum + EM4 2 ml/ liter air minum/ hari. Durasi penelitian ini adalah selama 35 hari. Variabel yang diuji pada penelitian ini yaitu bobot relatif hati, proventrikulus, ventrikulus, bobot relatif segmen usus halus (duodenum, jejenum dan ileum) dan persentase panjang segmen usus halus (duodenum, jejenum dan ileum). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dengan penambahan EM-4 dalam air minum tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap bobot relatif hati, proventikulus, ventrikulus, segmen usus halus (duodenum, jejenum, dan ileum) dan panjang relatif segmen usus halus (duodenum, jejenum dan ileum) namun, secara rerata terlihat peningkatan terhadap level yang berbeda. Adapun kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu dengan penambahan EM-4 tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap profil organ dalam ayam broiler berupa bobot relatif organ tambahan (hati, proventrikulus dan ventrikulus), bobot dan panjang relatif segmen usus halus (duodenum, jejenum dan ileum).

Jahe merah (Zingiber offinale Var. Rubrum) salah satu tumbuhan herbal dan pengawet alami daging karena terdapatnya senyawa bioaktif. Senyawa ini dapat meningkatkan kualitas daging dengan menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan ekstrak jahe merah pada kualitas mikrobiologi daging ayam afkir. Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) digunakan dengan 4 perlakuan yaitu P0 (kontrol/tanpa perlakuan), P1 (penyimpanan 2 jam), P2 (penyimpanan 4 jam), dan P3 (waktu penyimpanan 6 jam). Penelitian ini menguji TPC, E. coli, dan Coliform. Anova dan BNT digunakan untuk analisis data. Ekstrak jahe merah (Zingiber officinale Var. Rubrum) berpengaruh nyata pada uji Coliform tapi tidak berpengaruh pada TPC, dan E. coli.

The research aims to discover the influence of teachers’ competence and performance of physical, sport, and health education on students’ learning interest in volleyball at SMPN (Public Junior High Schools) in Makassar City. The research is descriptive by using correctional research design. The populations of the research were all teachers of physical, sport and health education and the students of SMPN in Makassar City. The samples were 31 teachers of physical, sport and health education in Makassar City with and 100 students chosen by using random sampling technique, involving teachers’ competence and performance variables as independent variables and volleyball learning interest as dependent variable. Data correlation technique employed SPSS Version 23.00 system at the significant level 95% or α 0.05. The results of data analysis indicate that: (1) there is significant influence of teachers’ competence on students’ learning interest in volleyball at SMPN in Makassar City by 69.0%, (2) there is significant influence of teachers’ performance on students’ learning interest in volleyball at SMPN in Makassar City by 55.0%, and (3) there is significant influence of teachers’ competence and performance simultaneously on students’ learning interest in volleyball at SMPN in Makassar City by 75%.

Plantaricin IIA-1A5 is a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5 which is isolated from Indonesian beef, and it inhibits activity of Gram negative and positive pathogenic bacteria. However, preparation of the antibacterial agent for further applications or studies is costly due to the usage of a bacterial medium. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the feasibility of cheese whey as a growth medium for production of the bacteriocin. The growth curve of Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5 in producing antimicrobial compounds was found to occur in the logarithmic phase with an incubation time of 28 and 32 hours. Purification of plantaricin IIA-1A5 produced peptides with a molecular weight of 9.59 kDa consisting of whey and whey+ (20g/L sucrose, 12.5 g/L tryptone and 7.5 g/L yeast extract); thus, the peptide was grouped as class IIa (<10 kDa) bacteriocin. The protein concentration of plantaricin IIA-1A5 with whey+ (sucrose, tryptone, and yeast extract) treatment and whey treatment was 1883.17 mg/ml and lower than 325.58 mg/ml, respectively. Based on the antimicrobial activity test using a paper disc method, plantaricin IIA-1A5 demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923; the whey and whey+ treatment yielded 38.02 IU/dL and 321 IU/dL, respectively, while antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 using whey and whey+ treatment yielded 44.85 IU/dL and 172.08 IU/dL, respectively. The effectiveness of the antimicrobial properties of plantaricin IIA-1A5 in the whey medium is proven through the results of this study. In short, the whey is appropriate growth medium for bacteriocin production.

The physiological condition of slaughterhouse bovine ovaries may vary greatly, including the luteal phase, follicular phase, and pre-puberty. However detailed information is scarce on how it affects oocyte maturity in vitro. Therefore, this work aimed to investigate the impacts of ovarian activities on the oocyte maturity of Bali cattle in vitro. Completely randomized designed was arranged, consisting of three ovarian stages (luteal, follicular, and pre-cycle) as a research variable and carried out at four replication. Oocytes were recovered by slicing the follicles from surface-visible ovaries. The oocyte maturation was performed in an incubator containing 5% CO2 at 38.5°C. Following the removal of the cumulus, the oocyte was prepared for fixation, then observed under a microscope. The research showed that the structure of oocyte grades A (compact cumulus cells and thick cytoplasm) in the follicular and luteal phase was similar, but such condition was significantly different compared to the prepubertal phase. The oocyte maturity of M-II was significantly lower (P<0.05) in the pre-cycle phase than in the luteal and follicular phase. Meanwhile, the stages of GV, GVBD, and MI appeared to be identical in all phases. This work concluded that the structure of the oocyte population is closely related to ovarian stages, resulting in higher maturity on M-II oocytes during the luteal and follicular phases.