The explosive growth of information and communications technologies (ICTs) as manifested in Smart Cities and the Internet of Things (IoT) creates more and more computable data with myriad benefits. They also produce ever more digital evidence of people's lives in all contexts, with commensurately greater potential risks to the safety and rights of citizens. Digital/computational forensics and analytics, used to combat crime, are the vanguard of the collision of these with public policy as to privacy and personal autonomy. They bring the evidentiary fruits of this technology directly to the policymaker, police investigator, and the judge. And to the marketer, stalker, and extortionist. We examine this technical‐legal interaction and how it might inform as to privacy and security with the IoT and the Smart City.
With so much information collected from so many places and stored in so many others, the forensic value of digital evidence has exploded globally. This ranges from evidence relating to traditional crimes to that for new cybercrimes. The ability to use digital forensics, computational policing analytics and electronic evidence of all types, and the protections from misuse, are governed by the laws of national jurisdictions. Where those laws intersect in transnational cases may be harmonized or conflict‐ridden. As digital forensics is an interdisciplinary activity, both juridical and technical coordination between nations are essential for effective transnational law enforcement. This requires the application of forensic technology conforms to the legal rules of the jurisdictions involved. We examine legal aspects of this evolving data paradigm and issues relating to legal‐technical compliance. We speculate as to how regulation may evolve for the future. This article is categorized under: Digital and Multimedia Science > Cyber Threat Intelligence Digital and Multimedia Science > Mobile Forensics Digital and Multimedia Science > IoT Forensics Jurisprudence and Regulatory Oversight > Communication Across Science and Law
kivonatAz ERTI Erdővédelmi Figyelő-Jelzőszolgálati Rendszer erdővédelmi jelzőlap adatainak feldolgozásával vizsgáltuk az elmúlt 50 év bükk állományokat érintő biotikus erdőkárait. Ismertettük a kártípusok idősorait, majd aszályindexekkel vetettük össze eredményeinket. A károk mértéke és gyakorisága az 1980-as évek közepétől megnövekedett. A bükkpusztulás esetében nagyobb kiterjedésű károk akkor jelentkeztek, ha az aszályindex értékek 2 egymást követő évben bizonyos értékeket meghaladtak.Kulcsszavak: bükk, biotikus károk, kárdinamika, aszály index, klímaváltozás years biotiC damage in tHe Hungarian beeCH forests abstractWe examined the database of the Forest Research Institute derived from the reports of the forest-managers. We indicated the important pest and pathogen damage areas from the last 50 years. We also compared the data to drought-indexes. The frequency and severity of damages increased from the mid-1980's. The beech-decline occurred on larger areas, if the values of the drought indexes were above certain values in the predecessing 2 years.Keywords: beech, biotic damage, damage-dynamics, drought index, climate change bevezetés A klímaváltozás jelensége ma már az átlagember számára is érzékelhető, erdeinkben pedig az elmúlt évtizedekben egyértelmű hatásokat váltott ki, ráadásul várhatóan a jövőben a jelenség erősödésére kell szá-mítanunk (Mátyás és mtsai 2010). A klímaváltozás erdőkre gyakorolt hatásai közül az extrém események meghatározóbbak, mint az átlagok emelkedései (Rasztovits és mtsai 2014). A szélsőséges időjárási események közvetlen károkat okoznak, de miattuk az állományok egészségi állapota is romlik (Csóka és mtsai 2009).
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