Digital libraries (DLs) are new and innovative information systems, under constant development and change, and therefore evaluation is of critical importance to ensure not only their correct evolution but also their acceptance by the user and application communities. The Evaluation activity of the DELOS Network of Excellence has performed a large-scale survey of current DL evaluation activities. This study has resulted in a description of the state of the art in the field, which is presented in this paper. The paper also proposes a new framework for the evaluation of DLs, as well as for recording, describing and analyzing the related research field. The framework includes a methodology for the classification of current evaluation procedures. The objective is to provide a set of flexible and adaptable guidelines for DL evaluation

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Abstract. Óbuda University wanted to build a linked dataset describing their courses in the semester. The concepts to be covered included curricula, subjects, courses, semesters and educators. A particular use case needed the description of lecture rooms and events as well. Although there are several ontologies for the mentioned domains, selecting a set of ontologies fitting our use case was not an easy task. After realizing the problems, we created the Ontology for Linked Open University Data (OLOUD) to fill in the gaps between re-used ontologies. OLOUD acts as a glue for a selection of existing ontologies, and thus enables us to formulate SPARQL queries for a wide range of practical questions of university students. OLOUD integrates data from several sources and provides personal timetables, navigation and other types of help for students and lecturers.Keywords: Ontology · Linked Open Data · Linked Open University Data · SPARQL IntroductionIn this paper we focus on a special segment of open data at the university domain: university courses. We aim to facilitate the implementation of Smart Universities [1] by defining a common data model for course information. Ontological representation as the most modern description method for the problem domain was chosen. Originally our objective was to develop a generic data model for university course related data. During our work we noticed that though the Bologna Process ensures a certain level of compatibility for education systems in the EU, this does not reach deeper constructs regarding the educational model. We found that the meaning of the main concepts (like course, subject and study programme) is quite different in currently available educational models in Europe. Presenting course related information requires a lot of data originating from multiple information systems at a typical university. As these systems are usually not fully integrated and the access to the data is limited, significant effort is necessary to suc-

Moving towards a global market of services requires flexible infrastructures that will deal with the inevitable semantic heterogeneity that occurs during the negotiation that precedes the trading of a service. In order to reach an agreement, the negotiating parties need to understand the concepts describing the Quality of Service (QoS) terms which are part of the Service Level Agreement (SLA). The use of semantic annotations can increase the level of flexibility and automation, allowing the two parties to use their own terminology as long as it is related to the commonly understood conceptual model. This paper discusses how SLA negotiation will benefit from the use of a lightweight backwards compatible semantic annotation mechanism.