Key Wordstranssilvanica transsylvanica deubeli kovacsi zoogeography Pannonicum Carpathicum dart-sac complex spermatophore AbstractThe Lozekia-Kovacsia species group comprises three species occurring in the Carpathian-Pannonian region, namely Lozekia transsilvanica (Westerlund, 1876), Lozekia deubeli (M. Kimakowicz, 1890) and Kovacsia kovacsi (Varga & L. Pintr, 1972). These species are known to be distinguishable by their genital morphology but, up to now, only a few populations have been examined anatomically. Due to their conchological similarity, distribution records that have been based on individuals of unknown anatomy are unreliable, and the ranges are far from being well defined. First we identified the type locality of L. transsilvanica and investigated the genital morphology of topotypical material in order to ensure the correct use of this name. Furthermore, we carried out a morphological analysis of Lozekia-Kovacsia material collected throughout the postulated range of this species group. Of the previously proposed species-specific features, the structure of the dart-sac complex and the number of digitiform glands were found to be the most reliable. Based on these genital characters, we re-defined the ranges of the three species; those of K. kovacsi and L. deubeli were found much larger than believed previously. Finally, we describe the morphology of the spermatophore of K. kovacsi, which was found in this species for the first time.

This paper describes the reproductive anatomy and the radula morphology of a Taiwanese species of Elma H. Adams, 1886, providing the first information on the anatomy of the genus. The species is provisionally identified as the type species of Elma, E. cf. swinhoei (H. Adams, 1866). Based on this and contrary to previous systematics, we suggest that Elma belongs to the subfamily Streptaxinae or Gibbinae, based on the presence of a well-developed penial sheath and the vas deferens which forms a loop under the penial sheath. Elma is the first high-spired, Southeast-Asian genus to be thus classified. We discuss possible relationships with other Streptaxoidea including the Elma-like genus Pseudelma Kobelt, 1904 and the highspired "Ennea" aliena Bavay et Dautzenberg, 1912.

Two new snail species are described, namely Paladilhiopsis pallgergelyi sp. n. from the valley of the River Dráva, and Alzoniella katagabriellae sp. n. from the Börzsöny Mountains. This is the first record of the genus Alzoniella Giusti & Bodon, 1984 from Hungary. An interesting dwarf form of Bythinella austriaca (Fraunfeld, 1856) is also recorded from the Börzsöny Mountains.

The first records of Oxychilus hydatinus (Rossmässler, 1838) from Slovakia are reported. The material was identified based on a detailed comparative study of shell morphology and internal structure of penis. The Slovak sites represent the northernmost occurrence of this species.

The junior authors collected in the Bükk Mountains in the rivulet in Kács a Bythinella species new to science. From this region only B. pannonica was known which is endemic to the southeastern part of the Northern Carapthian Mountains (Fehér et al. 2013). This rivulet is fed by two springs, a cold one and a hypothermal spring. Only in the hypothermal branch the new Bythinella sp., described here as Bythinella thermophila n. sp., occurs. Both species are in its shell shape very different from other Bythinella spp. known from Europe and Asia Minor so far. In addition to the description the shells of the holotype and paratypes are depicted, as well as the type localities and living specimens. For comparison a photo of B. pannonica is provided.