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The quality of inkjet printing is impacted by the airflow dynamics in the near vicinity of the printing zone. In particular, at elevated pen-to-paper spacings (PPS), which is crucial for certain applications, the flow within the print gap of an inkjet printer becomes unstable. This can induce a temporal and spatial periodic misplacement of satellite droplets that cause a printing defect known as tiger-stripes. To investigate this flow instability, a two-dimensional computational model is developed and refined to accurately capture the flow features.

The proximity of a downforce producing wing to the ground has a significant effect on the generation of aerodynamic loads and flow structures. However, a rigid body assumption for the wing may lead to inaccuracies in the estimation of these loads. Static loosely-coupled Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) simulations were performed at Reynolds numbers of 4.64·105 and 6.96·105 and ground clearances ranging from 0.053 c to 0.223 c to investigate the effect of deformation in an ABS wing. Results of these simulations demonstrated that wing deflection increased the height at which lift loss occurred, as the reduced wing tip ground clearance led to an earlier main wing vortex breakdown and greater boundary layer separation. The increase in Reynolds number for a constant chord length induced larger variations in critical height: the critical height increased by 0.011 c at Re = 4.64·105 and by 0.021 c at Re = 6.96·105. The larger variation in critical height at the high Reynolds number cases was due to the increase in the magnitude of the aerodynamic loads, and larger deflections.