Resumo: Os tripes são insetos diminutos pertencentes à ordem Thysanoptera, sendo em sua maioria fitófagos. Poucos são os estudos sobre a fauna de tripes no Brasil, especialmente no nordeste do Brasil. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar um inventário da tisanopterofauna associada à plantas ornamentais e cultivadas da região Sudoeste da Bahia. Os insetos foram coletados em ramos e flores de diversas espécies vegetais entre janeiro de 2006 e janeiro de 2007. Em laboratório, os tripes foram triados, montados em lâminas de microscopia e identificados. Doze espécies de tripes pertencentes a seis gêneros e duas famílias foram obtidos, sendo três novos registros para a Bahia. Foram identificadas 28 espécies de plantas hospedeiras pertencentes a 16 famílias. Os resultados obtidos nesse trabalho indicam uma rica tisanopterofauna.Thysanopterofauna Associated with Ornamental and Crop Plants in Southwest BahiaAbstract: Thrips are tiny insects belonging to the order Thysanoptera, being mostly phytophagous. There are few studies on the thrips fauna in Brazil, especially in northeastern Brazil. This work aims to conduct an inventory of Thysanopterofauna associated with ornamentals and crops of Bahia Southwest region. The insects were collected in branches and flowers of several plant species between January 2006 and January 2007. In the laboratory, the thrips were screened, mounted on microscope slides and identified. Twelve thrips species belonging to six genera and two families were obtained, and three new records for Bahia. 28 species of host plants belonging to 16 families were identified. The results of this study indicate a rich Thysanopterofauna.

ABSTRACT. Galls induced by thrips are simple structures when compared to those of other groups of arthropods, and little is known regarding many of their aspects. This study aimed to investigate aspects of the natural history of Gynaikothrips uzeli Zimmermann, 1900 in galls of Ficus benjamina L., 1753 using seasonal sampling (summer and winter). Twenty trees were sampled and divided into quadrants. From each of them, fi ve galls were collected, forming a total of 400 galls per collection. Thrips showed greater abundance at higher temperatures (25.7°C) and no precipitation. Sex ratio was biased towards females (0.022 males per female), pointing to an inbred mating structure. Arthropod fauna associated with galls was more abundant (N=798) in winter, and it included representatives of the orders Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Araneae, Coleoptera, Neuroptera, Psocoptera, Thysanoptera, Diptera and Blattodea.KEYWORDS. Leaf galls, natural enemies, sex ratio, thrips.RESUMO. História natural de Gynaikothrips uzeli (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) em galhas de Ficus benjamina (Rosales, Moraceae). As galhas induzidas por tripes são estruturas simples quando comparadas com outros grupos de artrópodes e pouco conhecidas quanto a diversos aspectos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo verifi car aspectos da história natural de Gynaikothrips uzeli Zimmermann, 1900 em galhas de Ficus benjamina L., 1753 em coletas sazonais (verão e inverno). Vinte árvores escolhidas, aleatoriamente, foram divididas em quatro quadrantes, e em cada um deles coletadas cinco galhas, perfazendo um total de 400 galhas por coleta. Os tripes apresentaram uma maior abundância em temperaturas mais elevadas (25,7°C) e sem precipitação. A razão sexual (0,022 machos) encontrada foi baixa (tendenciosa às fêmeas), apontando para uma estrutura endogâmica de acasalamento. A fauna associada de artrópodes presentes nas galhas foi mais abundante (N=798) no período de inverno e incluiu representantes das ordens Hemiptera,

ABSTRACT. Gynaikothrips uzeli (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) is a minuscule insect species, which forms galls, is subsocial, and parthenogenetic. It is associated with Ficus benjamina L. (Moraceae) and has a pantropical occurrence. The paucity of genetic studies on the order Thysanoptera led us to use inter-simple sequence repeat molecular marker to assess intra-and inter-gall, as well as intraand inter-site, genetic variability and population structure of G. uzeli. Analyses indicated low genetic variability, probably related to haplodiploidy, genetic drift, the galling habit, and the low dispersal ability of G. uzeli. Populations were highly structured, with higher variation within populations than among them. Geographic distance does not appear to affect structure and genetic diversity, the latter being influenced by G. uzeli's bioecological traits, by numerous 9793-9803 (2015) introductions during a short period, and by a possible recent, common ancestry.

Encounters between flowers and invertebrates are key events for the functioning of tropical forests. Assessing the structure of networks composed of the interactions between those partners leads to a better understanding of ecosystem functioning and the effects of environmental factors on ecological processes. Gathering such data is, however, costly and time‐consuming, especially in the highly diverse tropics. We aimed to provide a comprehensive repository of available flower–invertebrate interaction information for the Atlantic Forest, a South American tropical forest domain. Data were obtained from published works and “gray literature,” such as theses and dissertations, as well as self‐reports by co‐authors. The data set has ~18,000 interaction records forming 482 networks, each containing between one and 1061 interaction links. Each network was sampled for about 200 h or less, with few exceptions. A total of 641 plant genera within 136 different families and 39 orders were reported, with the most abundant and rich families being Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Rubiaceae. Invertebrates interacting with these plants were all arthropods from 10 orders, 129 families, and 581 genera, comprising 2419 morphotypes (including 988 named species). Hymenoptera was the most abundant and diverse order, with at least six times more records than the second‐ranked order (Lepidoptera). The complete data set shows Hymenoptera interacting with all plant orders and also shows Diptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Hemiptera to be important nodes. Among plants, Asterales and Fabales had the highest number of interactions. The best sampled environment was forest (~8000 records), followed by pastures and crops. Savanna, grasslands, and urban environments (among others) were also reported, indicating a wide range of approaches dedicated to collecting flower–invertebrate interaction data in the Atlantic Forest domain. Nevertheless, most reported data were from forest understory or lower strata, indicating a knowledge gap about flower–invertebrate interactions at the canopy. Also, access to remote regions remains a limitation, generating sampling bias across the geographical range of the Atlantic Forest. Future studies in these continuous and hard‐to‐access forested areas will yield important new information regarding the interactions between flowers and invertebrates in the Atlantic Forest. There are no copyright restrictions on the data set. Please cite this data paper if the data are used in publications and teaching events.