ResumoA matriz elétrica cearense distingue-se da matriz elétrica brasileira por ser alicerçada, principalmente, em usinas eólicas e térmicas, que fornecem, juntas, 99% da produção de eletricidade do estado. Em relação à demanda por eletricidade do Ceará, do ano de 1981 até 2015, houve um crescimento de cerca de 747%, com um crescimento médio de 21,34% ao ano. O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar o comportamento de índices de sustentabilidade para o setor de geração de energia elétrica cearense. Para isso, os seguintes multicritérios de análise da sustentabilidade na matriz elétrica são considerados: emissão de gases de efeito estufa; área imobilizada; uso de recursos de combustível; uso de água; morbidade; confiabilidade da geração e eficiência energética. A proposta desenvolvida divide os pesos dos multicritérios no aspecto social e técnico (40%) e nos parâmetros ambientais (60%). No Ceará, dentro dos parâmetros ambientais, o índice referente ao consumo de água, devido à inconstância de chuvas, recebeu a maior ponderação de impactos na sustentabilidade (30%). Segundo a metodologia proposta, o setor de geração de eletricidade do Ceará, em 2017, baseado principalmente em usinas termelétricas e eólicas, apresenta um índice de sustentabilidade de 1,351, que é 2,2 vezes acima do patamar de sustentabilidade brasileiro (índice de 0,614). Um elevado indicador de sustentabilidade demonstra baixa sustentabilidade da matriz de geração de eletricidade. Palavras-chave:Setor elétrico do Ceará. Sustentabilidade energética. Matriz de energia elétrica. AbstractCeará's electricity matrix is distinguished from the Brazilian one because it is mainly based on wind and thermal plants that together supply 99% of the state's electricity production. Considering the demand for electricity in Ceará, from 1981 to 2015, there was an increase of about 747%, with an average growth of 21.34% per year. The present paper has the goal of analyzing the behavior of sustainability indices for the electric power generation sector of Ceará. For this, the following multi-criteria of sustainability analysis in the electric matrix are considered: emission of greenhouse gases; Immobilized area; Use of fuel resources; Water use; Morbidity; Reliability of energy generation and energy efficiency. The developed proposal divides the weights of the multicriteria in the social and technical aspect (40%) and in the environmental parameters (60%). In Ceará, considering the environmental parameters, the index referring to water consumption, due to the inconstancy of the rainy season, received the greatest impact on sustainability (30%). According to the proposed methodology, Ceará's electricity generation sector in 2017, based mainly on thermoelectric and wind farms, has a sustainability index of 1.351, which is 2.2 times above the Brazilian sustainability threshold (index of 0.614). A high sustainability index demonstrates a low sustainability of the electricity generation matrix.Keywords: Ceará's electrical sector. Energy sustainability. Electricity matr...

The main result states that a connected conic singular sub-manifold of a Riemannian manifold, compact when the ambient manifold is non-Euclidean, is Lipschitz Normally Embedded: the outer and inner metric space structures are metrically equivalent. We also show that a closed subset of R n is a conic singular sub-manifold if and only if its closure in the one point compactificationConsequently the connected components of generic affine real and complex algebraic sets are conic at infinity, thus are Lipschitz Normally Embedded.

generation in the electricity matrix. Several incentive programs have been created in several countries to boost the microgeneration industry to obtain the necessary scale to compete with other sources of electric energy, seeking technological independence and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions on the planet. However, with the greater use of PV generation facilities, concerns arise about the impact on energy distribution and transmission systems, concerning the divergence between generation periods and peak demand periods, especially for residential consumers. The use of demand-side energy management (GLD) associated with tariff incentive policies tends to favor the consumer's energy bill financially and assist in mitigating peak energy demand in the electrical system. Thus, from this motivation, this article presents a methodology for the financial viability analysis of the energy bill, using the electricity tariffs in force in Brazil and combining the PV generation system with energy storage. The proposed method includes an actual energy demand and generation database, suggesting that other similar generation units can benefit from the same analysis and assist in decision-making. And additionally, they can use it to direct the incentive to expand this modality based on the choice of differentiated tariffs.

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