Bacterial cellulose has advantages over plant‐derived cellulose, which make its use for industrial applications easier and more profitable. Its intrinsic properties have been stimulating the global biopolymer market, with strong growth expectations in the coming years. Several bacterial species are capable of producing bacterial cellulose under different culture conditions; in this context, strategies aimed at metabolic engineering and several possibilities of carbon sources have provided opportunities for the bacterial cellulose's biotechnological exploration. In this article, an overview of biosynthesis pathways in different carbon sources for the main producing microorganisms, metabolic flux under different growth conditions, and their influence on the structural and functional characteristics of bacterial cellulose is provided. In addition, the main industrial applications and ways to reduce costs and optimize its production using alternative sources are discussed, contributing to new insights on the exploitation of this biomaterial in the context of the bioeconomy.
The reemerging diseases caused by Aedes aegypti are one of the main public health problems in the world. The control of mosquitoes using larvicidal compounds from products of plant origin is an excellent alternative. This study aims to evaluate the larvicidal potential of fractions in hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and hydromethanol from the ethanolic leaf extract of two species of the genus Croton L. (Euphorbiaceae) against larval forms of A. aegypti, as an alternative tool to control this vector. Dry leaves of Croton betaceus Baill. and Croton lundianus (Didr.) Müll. Arg. were used for biological tests. The compounds were extracted with ethanol (99.8%). The ethanolic extracts of the leaves were suspended in a methanol / water solution and were successively subjected to the liquid-liquid division process with solvents of different polarities: hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate, giving rise to the four fractions. Larvicidal tests were performed with the ethanol extract and fractions resulting from the partition. In the study, the crude extract and the fractions showed larvicidal potential, being hexane fraction the one with greatest activity. Mortality in C. betaceus fractions was up to 40%. Croton lundianus presented mortality of up to 93.33% of the larvae submitted to the test. Data analysis showed larvicidal activity in the crude extract and fractions. The hexane fraction was more effective, especially in C. lundianus.
A embolização de vasos é considera um procedimento alternativo na terapêutica oncológica. Apesar do alto custo, é uma técnica minimamente invasiva, apresenta poucas complicações e possui significativa taxa de sucesso na terapia. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente diagnosticada com tumor hepático contraria a procedimentos invasivos que optou pela embolização de vasos como tratamento. O procedimento foi realizado com sucesso e sem complicações.
PALAVRAS-CHAVES:Embolização. Endovascular. Nódulo.
INTRODUÇÃOAs técnicas percutâneas e endovasculares são muito relevantes no tratamento de pacientes com carcinoma hepatocelular (BILBAO et al., 2017). A embolização de vasos que alimentam esse tumor é um dos procedimentos de escolha por ser minimamente invasivo e é realizado através da colocação endovascular intencional de material para induzir trombose do vaso (JESINGER; THORESON; LAMBA, 2013). Ademais, é introduzido catéter por acesso percutâneo a um vaso para atingir a neoplasia, onde são liberadas partículas sólidas, líquidos espessos ou com medicamentos que provocam a diminuição do tumor ou do fluxo sanguíneo que o alimenta (SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE ANGIOLOGIA E DE CIRURGIA VASCULAR, 2016).
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