Este artigo elucida, inicialmente, quais os principais instrumentos institucionais e políticos que estabelecem as condições que geram o ciclo vicioso de irresponsabilidade fiscal dos entes subnacionais e subsequentes resgates por parte do ente central, através do ‘jogo do resgate’. Na sequência, essa matriz teórica será confrontada com o desenho federalista proposto pela Constituição de 1988 e as alterações legislativas promovidas posteriormente pela Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal, como forma de correção da perversa matriz de incentivos estabelecida. Além disso, expõe-se as razões do fracasso de referida reestruturação, mediante a inserção de um novo jogador, o Supremo Tribunal Federal, na estrutura do jogo.
This article proposes a reading of David Aniñir's poetry that examines how he resignifies elements pertaining to admapu or Mapuche norms and practices in the metropolis. Aniñir is an urban Mapuche poet who lives in Santiago, Chile and displays interest in recovering his roots. While he defies preconceptions about indigenous peoples in his poetry, he includes Mapuche culture in his depiction of mapurbe identity. In his writing, Aniñir incorporates Mapuche key concepts and social roles such as yeyipun (prayer), pewma (dreams), werken (messenger), ngenpin (ritual speaker) and machi (spiritual authority and shaman), giving them new meanings within the urban context.
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