Introduction. In children with sepsis, fluid overload as a result of an aggressive fluid replacement or excessive fluid administration may result in kidney impairment and increased mortality. Objective. To determine the association between fluid overload and the rate of kidney failure in a group of children with severe sepsis and septic shock. Population and methods. This was a prospective cohort study conducted in the intensive care unit of Hospital Universitario de Pediatría Dr. Agustín Zubillaga (Barquisimeto, Lara State, Venezuela), between March 2013 and May 2016, in children with severe sepsis or septic shock. Results. One hundred and forty-nine patients were included in the analysis. Sepsis predominated in 59.7% of cases; patients' average age was 6.4 ± 3.3 years old, their average weight was 17.8 ± 3.6 kg, 30.2% had fluid overload, and overall mortality was 25.5%. Kidney failure occurred in 16.1% of cases. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify fluid overload (odds ratio [OR]: 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2-4.9, p = 0.028) and shock for more than 2 days (OR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.3-6.3, p = 0.039) as independent predictors of kidney failure. In addition, a significant increase in the risk of mortality among children with kidney failure and fluid overload was observed as per the Kaplan-Meier method (p= 0.019). Conclusion. Fluid overload and shock for more than 2 days increase the risk for kidney failure in critically ill children with severe sepsis and septic shock.
Introducción: las quemaduras graves pueden afectar todos los órganos y tejidos del cuerpo humano, provocando una serie de procesos fisiopatológicos e incluso la muerte. Objetivo: determinar factores de riesgo para mortalidad en el niño gran quemado. Métodos: estudio transversal retrospectivo realizado en el Hospital Universitario de Pediatría “Dr. Agustín Zubillaga” (Barquisimeto, Estado Lara, Venezuela), entre 2010 y 2019. Resultados: un total de 116 niños gran quemados fueron incluidos en el análisis. La mortalidad fue del 27. 6 % Los factores asociados a mortalidad fueron: Superficie corporal quemada mayor del 35 %, quemadura de espesor total, mecanismo: flama, lesión por inhalación, pérdida de peso durante la hospitalización mayor del 15 % y cinco o más transfusiones de glóbulos rojos (TGR). Mediante un modelo de regresión logística binaria se identificó como predictores independientes de mortalidad en niños gran quemados: quemadura de espesor total (OR=11.736; IC-95 %: 1.138 – 121.074; p = 0.039) y pérdida de peso durante la hospitalización mayor del 15 % (OR=22.257; IC-95%: 2.783 – 178.024; p = 0.003). Además, a través del método de Kaplan Meier fue observado un incremento significativo del riesgo de muerte en niños quemados con cinco o más TGR (p = 0.049). Conclusión: la quemadura de espesor total y la pérdida de peso durante la hospitalización mayor del 15 % fueron identificadas como variables independientes asociadas con mortalidad en niños gran quemados.
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