(Rev Med Chile 2014; 142: 1306-1315

Intervention, evaluation questions, and policy relevance Various countries around the world have implemented daycare programs to provide support for working mothers and improve children's wellbeing. Daycare programs offer alternative care options to a growing number of women who seek to balance childcare with work or education. In addition, programs that promote adequate nutrition and early stimulation are shown to have a positive impact on children's health, nutrition and development. This twofold justification for such daycare programs accounts for their growing popularity and widespread implementation. Nevertheless, the impact of daycare programs, particularly in developing countries, is an under-researched area. The aim of the study was to respond to this research gap by carrying out a rigorous impact evaluation of the Mexican daycare program Programa de Estancias Infantiles para Apoyar a Madres Trabajadoras (henceforth referred to as PEI, the Spanish acronym of the program).This study evaluates the impact of this program on the labor market participation and time allocation of beneficiary mothers, as well as the health, nutrition and development of their children. In this way, this evaluation report will assess the effectiveness of the program, identify potential areas for improvement, and contribute to the accumulating evidence on the effectiveness of such programs in developing countries. 1.1 Intervention The PEI provides subsidized care and childcare services (of a value of up to USD$55 per child or USD$111 dollars per child with disabilities 1) to mothers and single fathers who are working, seeking employment or studying, thereby enabling them to enter or remain in the labor market or in education. In addition, the program provides financial support to those willing to create and operate daycare centers in order to increase childcare availability for low income families 2. Potential and target population The PEI was established in January 2007 with a target population of low income mothers 3 aged fourteen or older, with at least one child between 1 and 3 years 11 months of age or from 1 to 5 years 11 months old for children with disabilities. The program specifically aims to target households, in which a lack of access to childcare through public social security institutions or other means prevents productive household members from working, job-seeking or studying (ROP, 2010). By May 2011, the PEI had expanded to benefit 249,282 mothers 4 and had received 265,415 children in 9,255 daycare centers throughout the country 5. This expansion is illustrated in Graph1 below. Final Data Analysis Report| 6 Topics of study Research questions Evidence Results from the literature average. Final Data Analysis Report| 8 Topics of study Research questions Evidence Results from the literature increase of 4.69 points and 4.76 points in mathematics and Spanish test scores respectively. 4) In Uruguay (Berlinski, Galiani, & Manacorda, 2008), it was found that one year of preschool had a positive effect on school attendance ...

RESUMENshow what kind of standards and legal documents must be considered in a risk assessment process and after we are going to explain how is possible to use a methodology and how to connect this methodology with the IT governance process in a successful way.

PurposeThis paper proposes a conceptualization of the e-waste domain, formalized through a metamodel, to express complex e-waste realities in a simple manner. This also enables the transition from a structural model to a behavioral model to implement analysis techniques.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology used is design science research (DSR), a problem-solving paradigm which seeks to construct a working artifact and prove its relevance. The artifact, a metamodel for the e-waste domain, was constructed through an iterative manner and later analyzed to conclude its theoretical relevance and contributions in this domain. As part of the approach, the authors used supplementary techniques such as systematic literature review (SLR), conceptual modeling (CM) and system dynamics (SD).FindingsThe application in the e-waste domain of CM techniques such as metamodeling, model-to-model transformation and simulation is valuable for supporting decision-making, especially when combined with SD. The approach presented in this paper, the conceptual tools and different simulation techniques could also be applied in other complex domains to obtain similar results.Practical implicationsThe modeling method to apply simulation techniques is targeted toward the e-waste domain experts to understand, design, implement, measure and improve strategies and public policies.Originality/valueThe use of CM techniques to model and analyze structural and behavioral e-waste scenarios.

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