The study provides preliminary evidence of the SP-3D as a valid measure of sensory processing abilities and dysfunction. Further research regarding the reliability and validity of the SP-3D are needed.

No abstract

Background: The Sensory Processing 3-Dimensions Scale (SP-3D) is a performance-based measure for assessing sensory processing abilities and challenges, including sensory modulation, sensory discrimination, and sensory-based motor disorders. Initial studies of reliability were conducted, and item response theory was applied to assist in refining the measure. Methods: Descriptive and correlational methods were used to examine internal consistency of the scales and inter-rater reliability. Item response theory using Rasch analyses was applied to examine unidimensionality of scales, model fit, and item difficulty. Results: Internal consistency for most measures was acceptable, demonstrating the subtests, domains, and behavior scales as distinct constructs. Inter-rater reliability results were mixed, with fair to strong reliability coefficients for most sensory discrimination and postural and praxis subtests. Scales measuring sensory modulation and motor behaviors had moderate to poor inter-observer agreement. Rasch analyses supported subtests as unidimensional and identified the most rigorous items in the subtests. Conclusions: Preliminary results show promise of the SP-3D as a stable, reliable tool. A need for refinement of some operational definitions for behavior ratings was identified, and items to consider for elimination because of redundancy or ill-fit were exposed. Directions for research include refinement of the SP-3D and the need for further reliability and validity studies. Comments The authors disclose a contract with Western Psychological Services to publish the Sensory Processing Three Dimensions Scale described in this study. There has been no payment or royalties received.

El presente trabajo consta de tres partes. En la primera se introduce la necesidad de un estándar en metraje por habitante de área verde en las ciudades de Perú. Adicionalmente, que los sucesos como la pandemia por el Covid-19 pueden afectar a la población sobremanera debido al manejo de espacios públicos, específicamente las áreas verdes sin planificar. En la segunda parte se extiende una reflexión sobre la nueva tipología de rediseño de espacios verdes como respuesta ante la pandemia y prevención ante futuros escenarios que sometan a las poblaciones al aislamiento social obligatorio y como nueva mirada del concepto de desarrollo urbano sostenible. En la tercera parte se trata la afectación de las poblaciones, sobre todo las menos favorecidas, a situaciones de aislamiento social debido a la injusticia distributiva de las áreas verdes en las ciudades.

Background: This study examined the effectiveness of the STAR PROCESS, an intensive, short-term intervention that combines principles of sensory integration, relationship-based therapy, and parentaltherapist collaboration for children with sensory processing challenges. Method: A nonconcurrent multiple baseline, repeated measures design was used. Four boys, aged 5 years 0 months to 7 years 9 months, participated in this study. The mean length of intervention was 22 sessions delivered 3 to 5 times per week. A behavioral coding system was used to measure change in four areas: play level, positive affect, joint attention, and novel use of equipment. The theory of change reflects the use of multisensory experiences in combination with parent participation to impact outcomes. Results: Improvement was noted in play level in all of the participants. Multisensory experiences and parent participation were associated with these changes in two participants. Discussion: The study results suggest a feasible methodology to study occupational therapy interventions. The behavioral coding system was sensitive to change. Play abilities changed in all four children. Preliminary support was provided for the theory of change combining multisensory experiences with parent participation. Conclusion: A targeted treatment approach that emphasizes parents as play partners in a multisensory environment shows promise in remediating these deficits. Comments The authors report that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose.